气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Streamflow change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts

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DOI	10.1360/TB-2019-0141
	Streamflow change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts
	Tang, Qiuhong; Lan, Cuo; Su, Fengge; Liu, Xingcai; Sun, He; Ding, Jin; Wang, Lei; Leng, Guoyong; Zhang, Yongqiang; Sang, Yanfang; Fang, Haiyan; Zhang, Shifeng; Han, Dongmei; Liu, Xiaomang; He, Li; Xu, Ximeng; Tang, Yin; Chen, Deliang
通讯作者	Tang, QH (通讯作者)
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0023-074X
EISSN	2095-9419
起始页码	2807
结束页码	2821
卷号	64 期号:27
英文摘要	The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), also often called the Third Pole, is considered the Asian Water Tower because it is the source of many major Asian rivers. The environmental change on the QTP can affect the climate system over the surrounding area, and the changes in glacier and river streamflow on the QTP will lead to cascading impacts in downstream area where billions of people live. This paper reviews the hydrological observations and streamflow changes of the major Asian rivers originating from the QTP. From the 1950s to the beginning of the 21st century, streamflow on the QTP overall shows large interannual variations but no significant trends. The monthly mean streamflows during the flooding seasons are the largest in the 1960s for the outlet stations on the QTP. Annual streamflow in the source region of the Yellow River decreased while that in the source region of the Yangtze River increased slightly. No significant trends of annual streamflow have been reported for the other river source regions. The mean streamflows during peak season are relatively large in the 2000s at the river source region (upper reaches) of most rivers on the QTP. An increasing trend of streamflow in spring has been found in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the Lancang River, the Tuotuo River (of the Yangtze River), and the Lhasa River (of the Yarlung Zangbo River). The largest month of streamflow often appears in July for most stations, but in August at the Lhasa and Nuxia stations which are located in the Yarlung Zangbo River. Streamflow changes on the QTP could be mainly attributed to changes in snow and ice, as little influence from direct human activities were found. However, the examination of the streamflow changes largely relies on the hydrological observations. So far, due to data unavailability, we are still unclear about the long-term change in the streamflow on the QTP, especially the changes in recent years. The changes in ice and snow pack on the QTP could have significant impact on the downstream water resources and ecosystem. As more water resources have been generated from ice/snow melting, from a long-term perspective, water resources would be reduced along with shrinking and disappearing glaciers. Hydrological projections under future climate change suggest that streamflow in most river source regions would increase along with precipitation and increases in ice/snow melting, and hydrological extremes such as flooding would occur more frequently. Large uncertainties across Generic Circulation Models (GCMs) and hydrological models have been found in future projections of streamflow on the QTP. Reduction of ice/snow melting would aggravate the water stress conditions for both the ecosystem and human society on the QTP and its downstream areas. Sparse hydrometeorological observations in the past, particularly in the remote region of the QTP, are a major limiting factor to studies on streamflow change and its impacts. Further efforts are urgently needed to combine the advanced observation and modeling technologies to improve the observation and simulation capabilities of the water cycle over the QTP, and to provide scientific and technological support for coping with the accelerated ice/snow melting, increasing hydrological extremes and their impacts over the QTP.
关键词	YARLUNG ZANGBO RIVER CLIMATE-CHANGE SOIL-MOISTURE HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE MODEL CALIBRATION WATER STORAGE MASS-BALANCE GLACIER RUNOFF SATELLITE
英文关键词	the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; Asian Water Tower; water cycle; streamflow; climate change
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
WOS类目	Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000496463900007
来源期刊	CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE
来源机构	中国科学院青藏高原研究所
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/259506
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tang, Qiuhong,Lan, Cuo,Su, Fengge,et al. Streamflow change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts[J]. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,2019,64(27).
APA	Tang, Qiuhong.,Lan, Cuo.,Su, Fengge.,Liu, Xingcai.,Sun, He.,...&Chen, Deliang.(2019).Streamflow change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts.CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE,64(27).
MLA	Tang, Qiuhong,et al."Streamflow change on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts".CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 64.27(2019).