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DOI | 10.3389/fevo.2019.00040 |
A Comprehensive Model for the Quantitative Estimation of Seed Dispersal by Migratory Mallards | |
Kleyheeg, Erik1; Fiedler, Wolfgang1; Safi, Kamran1; Waldenstrom, Jonas2; Wikelski, Martin1; van Toor, Marielle Liduine2 | |
发表日期 | 2019 |
ISSN | 2296-701X |
卷号 | 7 |
英文摘要 | Long-distance seed dispersal is an important ecosystem service provided by migratory animals. Plants inhabiting discrete habitats, like lakes and wetlands, experience dispersal limitation, and rely heavily on zoochory for their spatial population dynamics. Granivorous waterbirds may disperse viable seeds of wetland plants over long distances during migration. The limited knowledge of waterbird migration has long hampered the evaluation of the importance of waterbirds in seed dispersal, requiring key metrics such as realistic dispersal distances. Using recent GPS tracking of mallards during spring migration, we built a mechanistic seed dispersal model to estimate realistic dispersal distances. Mallards are abundant, partially migratory ducks known to consume seeds of >300 European plant species. Based on the tracking data, we informed a mallard migration simulator to obtain a probabilistic spring migration model for the mallard population wintering at Lake Constance in Southern Germany. We combined the spring migration model with seed retention curves to develop seed dispersal kernels. We also assessed the effects of pre-migratory fasting and the availability of suitable deposition habitats for aquatic and wetland plants. Our results show that mallards at Lake Constance can disperse seeds in the northeastern direction over median distances of 293 and 413 km for seeds with short and long retention times, respectively, assuming a departure immediately after foraging. Pre-migratory fasting strongly affected the dispersal potential, with only 1-7% of ingested seeds left for dispersal after fasting for 12 h. Availability of a suitable deposition habitat was generally <5% along the migratory flyway. The high probability of seed deposition in a freshwater habitat during the first stopover, after the mallards completed the first migratory flight, makes successful dispersal most likely to happen at 204-322 km from Lake Constance. We concluded that the directed long-distance dispersal of plant seeds, realized by mallards on spring migration, may contribute significantly to large scale spatial plant population dynamics, including range expansion in response to shifting temperature and rainfall patterns under global warming. Our dispersal model is the first to incorporate detailed behavior of migratory waterbirds and can be readily adjusted to include other vector species when tracking data are available. |
WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
来源期刊 | FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/93707 |
作者单位 | 1.Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany; 2.Linnaeus Univ, Ctr Ecol & Evolut Microbial Model Syst, Kalmar, Sweden |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kleyheeg, Erik,Fiedler, Wolfgang,Safi, Kamran,et al. A Comprehensive Model for the Quantitative Estimation of Seed Dispersal by Migratory Mallards[J],2019,7. |
APA | Kleyheeg, Erik,Fiedler, Wolfgang,Safi, Kamran,Waldenstrom, Jonas,Wikelski, Martin,&van Toor, Marielle Liduine.(2019).A Comprehensive Model for the Quantitative Estimation of Seed Dispersal by Migratory Mallards.FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION,7. |
MLA | Kleyheeg, Erik,et al."A Comprehensive Model for the Quantitative Estimation of Seed Dispersal by Migratory Mallards".FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION 7(2019). |
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