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| Lung function recording system with Aerosol Delivery Co ntroller | |
| 项目编号 | 1614 |
| Peter Henry | |
| 项目主持机构 | University of Western Australia |
| 开始日期 | 2000 |
| 结束日期 | 2000 |
| 英文摘要 | Project Research Results Final Report 2000 Progress Report 1999 1998 17 publications for this project 2 journal articles for this project Related Information Research Grants P3: Student Design Competition Research Fellowships Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Grantee Research Project Results Search Morphological and Chemical Characteristics of the Submicron Atmospheric Aerosol: Implication for Standards EPA Grant Number: R826232 Title: Morphological and Chemical Characteristics of the Submicron Atmospheric Aerosol: Implication for Standards Investigators: Friedlander, Sheldon Institution:University of California - Los Angeles EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek Project Period: January 2, 1998 through January 31, 2001 Project Amount: $345,247 RFA: Ambient Air Quality (1997)RFA Text | Recipients Lists Research Category:Air Quality and Air Toxics ,Air Description: Objectives/Hypotheses: Current plans to set a revised particulate ambient air quality standard are based largely onepidemiological data that show an association between adverse health effects and aerosols. Efforts to set a scientificallydefensible standard have been hampered by the failure to identify the specific active agents, chemical and/or physical, to whichthe health effects can be ascribed. This proposal describes novel methods for characterizing the submicron aerosolmorphologically and chemically. The principal objectives are to (1) establish the prevalence and physical properties of thetwo morphological ranges (ultrafine agglomerates (dp < 0.1 æm) and accumulation mode (0.1 to 1.0 æm) micro-droplets), (2)determine certain characteristics of the ranges as they relate to active agent hypotheses for health effects including fractalproperties for the ultrafine particles and aerosol oxidant concentrations in the accumulation mode, (3) integrate morphologicalconcepts into conventional approaches to aerosol characterization to produce a new synthesis for characterizing ambientsubmicron aerosols, and (4) apply the results to the dynamics of the atmospheric aerosol.Atmospheric aerosols will be sampled using a low pressure impactor and/or thermal precipitator. Morphologicalstudies will be made of the deposited particles using electron microscopy. Individual particles will be analyzed using electronmicroscopy coupled with chemical analytical techniques. These measurements will provide information on particle-to-particlevariation in composition and the internal structure of accumulation mode particles. Ion concentrations in the accumulation modemay be detectable only qualitatively. Also of interest are the origins of aerosol oxidants in the aqueous component of theaccumulation mode, including peroxides from the gas phase and the products of aqueous reactions involving transition metal ions. A feasibility study of measurement methods for aerosol oxidants will be included as part of this task; we do not propose todevelop a technique for the purpose.New morphological data on the ultrafine and accumulation ranges will be combined with existing theoretical representations of the atmospheric aerosol to arrive at a new synthesis. The relevant parameters are ultrafine particle fractal structure and primary particle diameter, and information on the aqueous component in accumulation mode particles. It has been conjectured that the biological effects of ultrafine particles result from the accumulation of nanoparticles in the interstitium of the alveolar cells. The nanoparticles in the alveolar region presumably come from the transport of ultrafine agglomerates from the atmosphere into the lower lung. The process depends on fractal dimension and primary particle size of the agglomerates, information that will be provided by the proposed studies. Several hypotheses concerning the health effects of ambient aerosols relate to the oxidizing behavior of the particles. Methods for measuring aerosol phase oxidants, identified in the feasibility study, would permit improved epidemiological studies to test specific mechanisms. The results will help guide future studies of animal and human exposures to aerosols. Detailed information on the morphology of particles in the ambient aerosol obtained in this study should be incorporated into future studies of aerosol health effects. |
| 英文关键词 | Air Pollution;Health Effects;Particulates;Aerosols;Particulate Standard;Ultrafine Particles;Particle Morphology;Ambient Air;Particle Size Distribution. |
| 资助机构 | AU-NHMRC |
| 项目经费 | 36686 |
| 项目类型 | Equipment Grant |
| 国家 | AU |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/77055 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Peter Henry.Lung function recording system with Aerosol Delivery Co ntroller.2000. |
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