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| VHF Radar measurement of momentum fluxes of gravity waves and tides in the lower atmosphere over a tropical station | |
| G. Dutta | |
| 项目主持机构 | Anwalul-Uloom College |
| 开始日期 | 2001 |
| 结束日期 | 2004 |
| 英文摘要 | Project Research Results Final Report 2000 Progress Report 1999 Progress Report 18 publications for this project 5 journal articles for this project Related Information Research Grants P3: Student Design Competition Research Fellowships Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Grantee Research Project Results Search Aerosol Partitioning and Heterogeneous Chemistry EPA Grant Number: R826767 Title: Aerosol Partitioning and Heterogeneous Chemistry Investigators: Miller, Roger E. , Hauser, Cindy DeForest Institution:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill EPA Project Officer: Hahn, Intaek Project Period: October 1, 1998 through September 30, 2001 Project Amount: $338,749 RFA: Air Pollution Chemistry and Physics (1998)RFA Text | Recipients Lists Research Category:Air Quality and Air Toxics ,Air ,Engineering and Environmental Chemistry Description: The focus of these studies is on the development of the in situ spectroscopic methods necessary to characterize gas-particle systems under ambient conditions and to apply these to better understand the nature of atmospheric particulates. This research specifically addresses the problem of characterizing and monitoring the fine fraction of atmospheric aerosols (particulate matter of diameters 2.5 mm or less: PM2.5) that are linked to health effects and now subject to regulation. The semi-volatile nature of these particles makes their detailed characterization difficult, since all sampling methods tend to perturb the delicate equilibrium that exists between the gas and particle phases.The basic approach is to combine time-resolved Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) and diode laser (TDL) spectroscopies with laser evaporation methods to determine the partitioning of semi-volatile species between the gas and particle phases. A pulsed CO2 laser, with adjustable output intensities, is being used to heat the cross-section of an aerosol stream flowing through a sample cell equipped with a White Cell optical configuration for enhanced detection. Concurrently, a step-scan FTIR or TDL system provides a measurement of gas phase concentrations on the nanosecond time scale as the particle evaporates. Through collaborations that are already in place with the Environmental Sciences Department at UNC, we will have the opportunity to interface these new methods with a smog chamber for quantitative comparison with more traditional methods. Ultimately, although not part of this proposal, it is our goal to apply these new methods to ambient particles. In the present grant period, we will evaluate the conditions under which the proposed methods could be used for real-time field measurements.The experiments are laboratory based and focus on the characterization of theaerosols through the development of new in situ spectroscopic methods.Measurements as a function of laser fluence are beginning to provide informationon (1) the composition of the particles, (2) the partitioning of various speciesbetween the two phases, (3) the rates of evaporation of the various species,which in turn will provide information on the layered structure of the particlesand (4) the rates of re-equilibration after the heating cycle, providinginsights into the uptake of semi-volatiles on short time scales. Improvement in Risk Assessment or Risk Management: Reliable riskassessment with respect to particles requires better methods for theircharacterization and a better overall understanding of their properties. In thework proposed here we will address these two issues by first developing new insitu methods for monitoring the gas and particle phases and second by providinga data base of compositional and rate information that will improve ourunderstanding of the complex processes associated with these semi-volatilesystems. |
| 英文关键词 | atmosphere;absorption;chemical transport;bioavailability;chemicals;toxics;organics;environmental chemistry;analytical;measurement methods;Urban Areas. |
| 学科分类 | 08 - 地球科学 |
| 资助机构 | IN-DST |
| 项目经费 | 502000 |
| URL | http://www.nstmis-dst.org/EMR/EMR2001-02/ViewData.aspx?id=3&sub=Earth%20Sciences |
| 国家 | IN |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/77052 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | G. Dutta.VHF Radar measurement of momentum fluxes of gravity waves and tides in the lower atmosphere over a tropical station.2001. |
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