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| AN INTEGRATED ATMOSPHERIC AND SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE EARLY MARTIAN HYDROSPHERE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE OCCURRENCE AND DURATION OF POTENTIALLY HABITABLE LIQUID WATER ENVIRONMENTS ON A COLD EARLY MARS. | |
| 项目编号 | 80NSSC18K1484 P00001 |
| STEPHEN CLIFFORD | |
| 开始日期 | 2018-08-22 |
| 结束日期 | 2020-08-21 |
| 英文摘要 | @page { margin: 0.79in } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in }Aerosol particles and cloud droplets are inextricably intertwined in Earth's atmosphere. Every cloud droplet forms on an aerosol particle while clouds are the primary removal mechanism for aerosol particles with diameters in the range ~ 50 to 1000 nm – particles which are too big to be efficiently removed via diffusion and too small to have an appreciable settling velocity. Traditionally, those connections have been considered in the absence of turbulence, but recent measurements, both laboratory and field, have shown that size and chemical composition may not be enough to predict which particles will activate, or serve as the condensation centers for cloud droplets. Diffusional capture of interstitial aerosol by cloud droplets is another feedback/removal mechanism that has recently been highlighted as important for understanding aerosol effects in remote regions and in predicting primary ice concentrations in clouds. We will measure aerosol removal rates, through both activation and diffusion, in a cloudy, turbulent environment as a function of size and chemical composition, using the newly developed cloud chamber at Michigan Tech, called the Pi Chamber. These measurements are possible in our facility because cloud formation is initiated and sustained through Rayleigh-Bénard convection. This technique allows us to sustain a cloudy environment for days at a time, if needed. The long measurement times that the Pi Chamber enables will allow us to 1) separate the particles which have served as the basis for cloud formation and those which have not, 2) determine the rate at which cloud droplets collect interstitial aerosol (i.e. those which have not become cloud droplets), and 3) quantify these processes in the presence of effects due to turbulence and phoretic effects. This work supports DOE's goal of improving our understanding of the effects of aerosol composition and physical processes on removal processes. |
| 学科分类 | 1107 - 航空航天工程;11 - 工程与技术 |
| 资助机构 | US-NASA |
| 国家 | US |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/73149 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | STEPHEN CLIFFORD.AN INTEGRATED ATMOSPHERIC AND SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE EARLY MARTIAN HYDROSPHERE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE OCCURRENCE AND DURATION OF POTENTIALLY HABITABLE LIQUID WATER ENVIRONMENTS ON A COLD EARLY MARS..2018. |
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