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| Hydrologic Thresholds for Biodiversity in Semiarid Riparian Ecosystems: Importance of Climate Change and Variability | |
| 项目编号 | R833025 |
| Mark A. Dixon | |
| 项目主持机构 | Research Triangle Institute,North Carolina State University |
| 开始日期 | 2008-03-01 |
| 结束日期 | 2011-02-01 |
| 英文摘要 | We will determine region-wide sensitivity of riparian vegetation to climate change. Our hypotheses: i) Decadal scale climate change and variability alter riparian aquifer recharge through mechanisms that depend on the magnitude, frequency and seasonality of flooding, and exert the greatest change in reaches that receive minimal groundwater inflow from the regional aquifer. ii) Riparian vegetation structure responds non-linearly as riparian aquifers are dewatered and as key hydrologic thresholds for survivorship of plant species are exceeded. iii) Decadal scale climate variability and change alters riparian ecosystem water budgets that in turn changes vegetation structure and function and the ecosystem services provided to society.For hypothesis 1 we will: isotopically quantify riparian aquifer recharge along a regional precipitation gradient. On one river, the San Pedro, we will develop a model that links storm flow and aquifer recharge, calibrated with isotopic data, to estimate steam base flows and seasonal aquifer conditions. For hypothesis 2 we will: further evaluate established connections between vegetation condition and hydrologic conditions of flood flows, groundwater depth, and stream flow permanence. For hypothesis 3 we will: develop five alternative scenarios of climate change and use a scenario driven model to estimate the climate impacts on vegetation along the San Pedro River. For the other rivers, climate scenarios and hydrologic and vegetation data will be used to develop a climate change sensitivity matrix. Biodiversity and water quality ecosystem services of riparian systems will be quantified for each scenario.This research will produce three useful products for resource managers in the Southwest. First, we will improve understanding of the linkages among climate (precipitation timing and amount), hydrologic variability (stream flow and aquifer conditions), vegetation structure, and ecosystem services in riparian ecosystems, and of the regional variability in these relationships. Second, we will produce a transferable coupled model of hydrologic-vegetation processes in riparian ecosystems that will allow for modeling of non-linear responses to hydrologic change resulting from climate change or other causes. Third, the climate sensitivity matrix we develop will be useful for projecting regional impacts of climate change and anthropogenic impacts on riparian water budgets and ecosystem change. |
| 英文关键词 | Riparian ecosystems;groundwater hydrology;isotope hydrology;riparian vegetation;invasive species;water quality, |
| 学科分类 | 09 - 环境科学;08 - 地球科学 |
| 资助机构 | US-EPA |
| 项目经费 | 841881 |
| 国家 | US |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/72502 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Mark A. Dixon.Hydrologic Thresholds for Biodiversity in Semiarid Riparian Ecosystems: Importance of Climate Change and Variability.2008. |
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