Climate Change Data Portal
| Impacts of global change on dispersal costs | |
| 项目编号 | ANR-15-CE02-0008 |
| Madame Aurélie Coulon | |
| 项目主持机构 | Museum national d'Histoire naturelle - UMR 7204 CESCO |
| 开始日期 | 2015-10-01 |
| 结束日期 | 2019-10-01 |
| 英文摘要 | Ongoing global change has made it crucial to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics of dispersal. Indeed, human activities trigger direct or indirect (through climate change or habitat fragmentation) alteration of environmental conditions. Climate change also triggers a latitudinal and altitudinal shift in the location of suitable habitats. Demographic and genetic fluxes among populations in fragmented landscapes and the ability of species to track the shift of their climatic envelope are both contingent on the dispersal abilities of individuals. Moreover, as dispersal is the process that drives the spatial distribution of genotypes, it is key for adaptation to new environmental conditions. In the current context of rapid global change, a key question concerns how environmental modification will impact an individual’s dispersal decisions by altering the cost-benefit landscape of dispersing. The modifications of local conditions triggered by global change are predicted to affect dispersal in two ways. First, when confronted by these modifications, individuals may adjust locally to their novel conditions through phenotypic plasticity or rapid evolution. In this case, the costs associated with dispersal are likely to be affected by local changes in habitat quality and landscape characteristics, with consequences for dispersal rates and distances at the population level. Second, individuals may respond to global change by moving to areas where conditions are more favourable (e.g. latitudinal/altitudinal shift of species ranges in the case of global warming). This process of colonisation of novel suitable ranges will be mediated through dispersal movements of individuals. The rate at which this colonisation process will occur will largely depend on the dispersal cost-benefit landscape, and particularly the costs associated with long-distance dispersal events. The current empirical and theoretical knowledge on the effects of global change on the costs of dispersal is still very limited. DISPCOST hence aims to fill this gap by evaluating how environmental drivers affect the costs of dispersal, and determining the consequences for population dynamics and the evolution of dispersal. DISPCOST will specifically address the following questions (the first two empirically, the last one theoretically, with spatially explicit individual-based models): 1) How do human-driven landscape modifications affect dispersal costs? 2) How does climate change affect dispersal costs? 3) What are the consequences of 1) and 2) on dispersal evolution and population functioning? Those questions will be addressed using the European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) as a model species, in two study areas with contrasted environments. The reasons for the choice of this model species are first the existence of long-term monitoring programs that have generated data of exceptional quality on dispersal. These data will allow us to assess the whole range of dispersal costs. Second, this species has huge socio-economic impacts through forest/agricultural damage and vehicle collisions, as a disease vector, and as a source of revenue for rural communities through hunting. Hence, the expected repercussions for society are considerable. Understanding how global change modifies the cost-benefit landscape of dispersal is essential to be able to predict the evolution of this life-history trait and, more generally, the impacts of global change on species spatial dynamics. DISPCOST will provide crucial knowledge to fill the current existing gap in this area. Moreover, the outcomes that DISPCOST will generate about the link between individual dispersal decisions, spatial population dynamics and species’ geographic range will have considerable importance for the management of this large herbivore and its impacts. |
| 资助机构 | FR-ANR |
| 项目经费 | 226034 |
| 项目类型 | Comprendre et prévoir les évolutions de notre environnement (DS0101) 2015 |
| URL | http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/en/anr-funded-project/?solr=run&tx_lwmsuivibilan_pi2%5BCODE%5D=ANR-15-CE02-0008 |
| 国家 | FR |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 文献类型 | 项目 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/69855 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Madame Aurélie Coulon.Impacts of global change on dispersal costs.2015. |
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