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DOI | 10.1007/s00244-016-0360-y |
Photoenhanced Toxicity of Petroleum to Aquatic Invertebrates and Fish | |
Barron, Mace G. | |
发表日期 | 2017-07-01 |
ISSN | 0090-4341 |
卷号 | 73期号:1页码:40-46 |
英文摘要 | Photoenhanced toxicity is a distinct mechanism of petroleum toxicity that is mediated by the interaction of solar radiation with specific polycyclic aromatic compounds in oil. Phototoxicity is observed as a twofold to greater than 1000-fold increase in chemical toxicity to aquatic organisms that also have been exposed to light sources containing sufficient quantity and quality of ultraviolet radiation (UV). When tested under natural sunlight or laboratory sources of UV, fresh, and weathered middle distillates, crudes and heavy oils can exhibit photoenhanced toxicity. These same products do not exhibit phototoxicity in standard test protocols because of low UV irradiance in laboratory lighting. Fresh, estuarine, and marine waters have been shown to have sufficient solar radiation exposure to elicit photoenhanced toxicity, and a diversity of aquatic invertebrate and fish species can exhibit photoenhanced toxicity when exposed to combinations of oil and UV. Risks of photoenhanced toxicity will be greatest to early life stages of aquatic organisms that are translucent to UV and that inhabit the photic zone of the water column and intertidal areas exposed to oil. |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000405592600006 |
来源期刊 | ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/62277 |
作者单位 | US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Barron, Mace G.. Photoenhanced Toxicity of Petroleum to Aquatic Invertebrates and Fish[J]. 美国环保署,2017,73(1):40-46. |
APA | Barron, Mace G..(2017).Photoenhanced Toxicity of Petroleum to Aquatic Invertebrates and Fish.ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY,73(1),40-46. |
MLA | Barron, Mace G.."Photoenhanced Toxicity of Petroleum to Aquatic Invertebrates and Fish".ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 73.1(2017):40-46. |
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