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DOI | 10.1002/awwa.1127 |
Design and Testing of USEPA'S Flint Pipe Rig for Corrosion Control Evaluation | |
Williams, Daniel J.1; Parrett, Christopher J.1; Schock, Michael R.1; Muhlen, Christy1; Donnelly, Peg2; Lytle, Darren A.1 | |
发表日期 | 2018-10-01 |
ISSN | 2164-4535 |
卷号 | 110期号:10页码:E16-E37 |
英文摘要 | The US Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development designed, fabricated, and installed four pipe rigs in Flint, Mich., to help the city optimize corrosion control. The lead service line (LSL) pipe loops were constructed of polyvinyl chloride pipe and fittings and welded steel channel frames. Each pipe rig consisted of four approximately 4 ft-long sections of 0.75 in. inside diameter lead pipe that were excavated from homes fed by the Flint distribution system. The rigs were operated on a set daily on/off schedule such that a specified amount of water passed through each pipe using a solenoid valve-operated timer system. Solenoid problems resulted in sporadic and enhanced daily flow volume (but no flow rate changes) that prevented restabilization of pipe scales. Lead levels were relatively sporadic and statistically different during this period. After the solenoids were replaced, the lead pipe rigs were successfully conditioned, and lead release with consistent influent water chemistry became relatively stable. Average lead levels across all 16 loops ranged between approximately 2 and 5 g/L after the solenoid replacement. The lead results were consistent with levels measured from LSLs from homes in the city during sequential sampling efforts. |
英文关键词 | corrosion;lead;pipe loop;rig |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000446013100005 |
来源期刊 | JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/62121 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Syst Div,Drinking Water Treatment & Distrib, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 2.US EPA, Reg 5, Water Div, Chicago, IL USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Williams, Daniel J.,Parrett, Christopher J.,Schock, Michael R.,et al. Design and Testing of USEPA'S Flint Pipe Rig for Corrosion Control Evaluation[J]. 美国环保署,2018,110(10):E16-E37. |
APA | Williams, Daniel J.,Parrett, Christopher J.,Schock, Michael R.,Muhlen, Christy,Donnelly, Peg,&Lytle, Darren A..(2018).Design and Testing of USEPA'S Flint Pipe Rig for Corrosion Control Evaluation.JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION,110(10),E16-E37. |
MLA | Williams, Daniel J.,et al."Design and Testing of USEPA'S Flint Pipe Rig for Corrosion Control Evaluation".JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION 110.10(2018):E16-E37. |
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