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Photocatalysis is an advanced process for treatment of air, wastewater, and drinking water, the primary advantage being its ability to mineralize many pollutants. Among several nanoscale arrangements of photocatalysts, there has been a strong push to develop them as thin films because of several advantages when compared to photocatalysts in suspension form. Within this context, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge regarding UV/vis and natural solar light photocatalysis of pollutants using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in thin film form. Various synthesis techniques for the assembly of thin films, their characterization and comprehensive experimental results demonstrating their application as photocatalysts for decomposition of organic contaminants are summarized. Finally, current state of the art is discussed with associated challenges for the deployment of thin films for water treatment. Published by Elsevier B.V.