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DOI | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.020 |
Dynamic evaluation of two decades of WRF-CMAQ ozone simulations over the contiguous United States | |
Astitha, Marina1; Luo, Huiying1; Rao, S. Trivikrama1,2; Hogrefe, Christian3; Mathur, Rohit3; Kumar, Naresh4 | |
发表日期 | 2017-09-01 |
ISSN | 1352-2310 |
卷号 | 164页码:102-116 |
英文摘要 | Dynamic evaluation of the fully coupled Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Community Multi scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model ozone simulations over the contiguous United States (CONUS) using two decades of simulations covering the period from 1990 to 2010 is conducted to assess how well the changes in observed ozone air quality are simulated by the model. The changes induced by variations in meteorology and/or emissions are also evaluated during the same timeframe using spectral decomposition of observed and modeled ozone time series with the aim of identifying the underlying forcing mechanisms that control ozone exceedances and making informed recommendations for the optimal use of regional-scale air quality models. The evaluation is focused on the warm season's (i.e., May September) daily maximum 8-hr (DM8HR) ozone concentrations, the 4th highest (4th) and average of top 10 DM8HR ozone values (top10), as well as the spectrally-decomposed components of the DM8HR ozone time series using the Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter. Results of the dynamic evaluation are presented for six regions in the U.S., consistent with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAH) climatic regions. During the earlier 11-yr period (1990-2000), the simulated and observed regional average trends are not statistically significant. During the more recent 2000-2010 period, all observed trends are statistically significant and WRF-CMAQ captures the observed downward trend in the Southwest and Midwest but under -predicts the downward trends in observations for the other regions. Observational analysis reveals that it is the magnitude of the long-term forcing that dictates the maximum ozone exceedance potential; there is a strong linear relationship between the long-term forcing and the 4th highest or the average of the top10 ozone concentrations in both observations and model output. This finding indicates that improving the model's ability to reproduce the long-term component will also enable better simulation of ozone extreme values that are of interest to regulatory agencies. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
英文关键词 | Model evaluation;WRF-CMAQ;Spectral decomposition;Ozone trends;Ozone design value;Decadal simulations |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000405765500009 |
来源期刊 | ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
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来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/60697 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA; 2.North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC USA; 3.US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 4.EPRI, Palo Alto, CA USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Astitha, Marina,Luo, Huiying,Rao, S. Trivikrama,et al. Dynamic evaluation of two decades of WRF-CMAQ ozone simulations over the contiguous United States[J]. 美国环保署,2017,164:102-116. |
APA | Astitha, Marina,Luo, Huiying,Rao, S. Trivikrama,Hogrefe, Christian,Mathur, Rohit,&Kumar, Naresh.(2017).Dynamic evaluation of two decades of WRF-CMAQ ozone simulations over the contiguous United States.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,164,102-116. |
MLA | Astitha, Marina,et al."Dynamic evaluation of two decades of WRF-CMAQ ozone simulations over the contiguous United States".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 164(2017):102-116. |
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