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DOI | 10.1111/gcbb.12281 |
Simulated impact of the renewable fuels standard on US Conservation Reserve Program enrollment and conversion | |
Hellwinckel, Chad1; Clark, Christopher2; Langholtz, Matthew3; Eaton, Laurence3 | |
发表日期 | 2016 |
ISSN | 1757-1693 |
卷号 | 8期号:1页码:245-256 |
英文摘要 | A socioeconomic model is used to estimate the land-use implications on the U.S. Conservation Reserve Program from potential increases in second-generation biofuel production. A baseline scenario with no second-generation biofuel production is compared to a scenario where the Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2) volumes are met by 2022. We allow for the possibility of converting expiring CRP lands to alternative uses such as conventional crops, dedicated second-generation biofuel crops, or harvesting existing CRP grasses for biomass. Results indicate that RFS2 volumes (RFS2-v) can be met primarily with crop residues (78% of feedstock demand) and woody residues (19% of feedstock demand) compared with dedicated biomass (3% of feedstock demand), with only minimal conversion of cropland (0.27 million hectares, <1% of total cropland), pastureland (0.28 million hectares of pastureland, <1% of total pastureland), and CRP lands (0.29 million hectares of CRP lands, 3% of existing CRP lands) to biomass production. Meeting RFS2 volumes would reduce CRP re-enrollment by 0.19 million hectares, or 4%, below the baseline scenario where RFS2 is not met. Yet under RFS2-v scenario, expiring CRP lands are more likely to be converted to or maintain perennial cover, with 1.78 million hectares of CRP lands converting to hay production, and 0.29 million hectares being harvested for existing grasses. A small amount of CRP is harvested for existing biomass, but no conversion of CRP to dedicated biomass crops, such as switchgrass, are projected to occur. Although less land is enrolled in CRP under RFS2-v scenario, total land in perennial cover increases by 0.15 million hectares, or 2%, under RFS2-v. Sensitivity to yield, payment and residue retention assumptions are evaluated. |
英文关键词 | Conservation Reserve Program;Energy Independence and Security Act;land-use change;Renewable Fuel Standard;second-generation biofuels |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000368172500021 |
来源期刊 | GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/60135 |
作者单位 | 1.Univ Tennessee, Agr Policy Anal Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA; 2.US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA; 3.Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Hellwinckel, Chad,Clark, Christopher,Langholtz, Matthew,et al. Simulated impact of the renewable fuels standard on US Conservation Reserve Program enrollment and conversion[J]. 美国环保署,2016,8(1):245-256. |
APA | Hellwinckel, Chad,Clark, Christopher,Langholtz, Matthew,&Eaton, Laurence.(2016).Simulated impact of the renewable fuels standard on US Conservation Reserve Program enrollment and conversion.GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY,8(1),245-256. |
MLA | Hellwinckel, Chad,et al."Simulated impact of the renewable fuels standard on US Conservation Reserve Program enrollment and conversion".GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY 8.1(2016):245-256. |
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