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DOI | 10.3390/toxins7062198 |
Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional Treatment Drinking Water Plants | |
Szlag, David C.1; Sinclair, James L.2; Southwell, Benjamin3; Westrick, Judy A.4 | |
发表日期 | 2015-06-01 |
ISSN | 2072-6651 |
卷号 | 7期号:6页码:2198-2220 |
英文摘要 | An environmental protection agency EPA expert workshop prioritized three cyanotoxins, microcystins, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin (MAC), as being important in freshwaters of the United States. This study evaluated the prevalence of potentially toxin producing cyanobacteria cell numbers relative to the presence and quantity of the MAC toxins in the context of this framework. Total and potential toxin producing cyanobacteria cell counts were conducted on weekly raw and finished water samples from utilities located in five US states. An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) was used to screen the raw and finished water samples for microcystins. High-pressure liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC/PDA) verified microcystin concentrations and quantified anatoxin-a and cylindrospermopsin concentrations. Four of the five utilities experienced cyanobacterial blooms in their raw water. Raw water samples from three utilities showed detectable levels of microcystins and a fourth utility had detectable levels of both microcystin and cylindrospermopsin. No utilities had detectable concentrations of anatoxin-a. These conventional plants effectively removed the cyanobacterial cells and all finished water samples showed MAC levels below the detection limit by ELISA and HPLC/PDA. |
英文关键词 | cyanobacteria;microcystin;anatoxin-a;cylindrospermopsin;conventional drinking water treatment |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000357282600020 |
来源期刊 | TOXINS |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/59885 |
作者单位 | 1.Oakland Univ, Dept Chem, Rochester, MI 48309 USA; 2.US EPA, Off Groundwater & Drinking Water, Tech Support Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 3.Lake Super State Univ, Environm Anal Lab, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA; 4.Wayne State Univ, Dept Chem, Lumigen Instrument Ctr, Detroit, MI 48202 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Szlag, David C.,Sinclair, James L.,Southwell, Benjamin,et al. Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional Treatment Drinking Water Plants[J]. 美国环保署,2015,7(6):2198-2220. |
APA | Szlag, David C.,Sinclair, James L.,Southwell, Benjamin,&Westrick, Judy A..(2015).Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional Treatment Drinking Water Plants.TOXINS,7(6),2198-2220. |
MLA | Szlag, David C.,et al."Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional Treatment Drinking Water Plants".TOXINS 7.6(2015):2198-2220. |
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