Climate Change Data Portal
DOI | 10.1111/risa.12435 |
Characterizing the Long-Term PM2.5 Concentration-Response Function: Comparing the Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Synthesis Approaches | |
Fann, Neal1; Gilmore, Elisabeth A.2; Walker, Katherine3 | |
发表日期 | 2016-09-01 |
ISSN | 0272-4332 |
卷号 | 36期号:9页码:1693-1707 |
英文摘要 | The magnitude, shape, and degree of certainty in the association between long-term population exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and the risk of premature death is one of the most intensely studied issues in environmental health. For regulatory risk analysis, this relationship is described quantitatively by a concentration-response (C-R) function that relates exposure to ambient concentrations with the risk of premature mortality. Four data synthesis techniques develop the basis for, and derive, this function: systematic review, expert judgment elicitation, quantitative meta-analysis, and integrated exposure-response (IER) assessment. As part of an academic workshop aiming to guide the use of research synthesis approaches, we developed criteria with which to evaluate and select among the approaches for their ability to inform policy choices. These criteria include the quality and extent of scientific support for the method, its transparency and verifiability, its suitability to the policy problem, and the time and resources required for its application. We find that these research methods are both complementary and interdependent. A systematic review of the multidisciplinary evidence is a starting point for all methods, providing the broad conceptual basis for the nature, plausibility, and strength of the associations between PM exposure and adverse health effects. Further, for a data-rich application like PM2.5 and premature mortality, all three quantitative approaches can produce estimates that are suitable for regulatory and benefit analysis. However, when fewer data are available, more resource-intensive approaches such as expert elicitation may be more important for understanding what scientists know, where they agree or disagree, and what they believe to be the most important areas of uncertainty. Whether implicitly or explicitly, all require considerable judgment by scientists. Finding ways for all these methods to acknowledge, appropriately elicit, and examine the implications of that judgment would be an important step forward for research synthesis. |
英文关键词 | Concentration-response function;expert elicitation;fine particulate matter (PM2.5);integrated exposure response;meta-analysis;research synthesis |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000388983300003 |
来源期刊 | RISK ANALYSIS |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/59522 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 2.Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Policy, College Pk, MD 20742 USA; 3.Hlth Effects Inst, 101 Fed St,Suite 500, Boston, MA 02110 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Fann, Neal,Gilmore, Elisabeth A.,Walker, Katherine. Characterizing the Long-Term PM2.5 Concentration-Response Function: Comparing the Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Synthesis Approaches[J]. 美国环保署,2016,36(9):1693-1707. |
APA | Fann, Neal,Gilmore, Elisabeth A.,&Walker, Katherine.(2016).Characterizing the Long-Term PM2.5 Concentration-Response Function: Comparing the Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Synthesis Approaches.RISK ANALYSIS,36(9),1693-1707. |
MLA | Fann, Neal,et al."Characterizing the Long-Term PM2.5 Concentration-Response Function: Comparing the Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Synthesis Approaches".RISK ANALYSIS 36.9(2016):1693-1707. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。