Climate Change Data Portal
DOI | 10.1007/s11869-017-0519-3 |
Influential factors affecting black carbon trends at four sites of differing distance from a major highway in Las Vegas | |
Kimbrough, Sue1; Hanley, Tim2; Hagler, Gayle1; Baldauf, Richard3; Snyder, Michelle4; Brantley, Halley1,5 | |
发表日期 | 2018-03-01 |
ISSN | 1873-9318 |
卷号 | 11期号:2页码:181-196 |
英文摘要 | Elevated air pollution levels adjacent to major highways are an ongoing topic of public health concern worldwide. Black carbon (BC), a component of particulate matter (PM) emitted by diesel and gasoline vehicles, was measured continuously via a filter-based light absorption technique over similar to 16 months at four different stations positioned on a perpendicular trajectory to a major highway in Las Vegas, NV. During downwind conditions (winds from the west), BC at 20 m from the highway was 32 and 60% higher than concentrations at 100 and 300 m from the roadway, respectively. Overall highest roadside (20-m site) BC concentrations were observed during the time period of 4 a.m.-8 a.m. under low-speed variable winds (3.02 mu g/m(3)) or downwind conditions (2.84 mu g/m(3)). The 20-m site BC concentrations under downwind conditions are 85% higher on weekday periods compared to weekends during the time period of 4 a.m.-8 a.m. Whereas total traffic volume was higher on weekdays versus weekends and differed by approximately 3% on weekdays versus weekends, similarly, the detected heavy-duty fraction was higher on weekdays versus weekends and differed by approximately 21% on weekdays versus weekend. Low wind speeds predominated during early morning hours, leading to higher BC concentrations during early morning hours despite the maximum traffic volume occurring later in the day. No noticeable impact from the airport or nearby arterial roadways was observed, with the 300-m site remaining the lowest of the four-site network when winds were from the east. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that heavy-duty traffic volume, light-duty traffic volume, wind speed, weekday versus weekend, surface friction velocity, ambient temperature, and the background BC concentration were significant predictors of roadside BC concentrations. Comparison of BC and PM2.5 downwind concentration gradients indicates that the BC component contributes substantially to the PM2.5 increase in roadside environments. These results suggest that BC is an important indicator to assess the contribution of primary traffic emissions to near-road PM2.5 concentrations, providing opportunities to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of mitigation strategies. |
英文关键词 | Black carbon;PM2.5;Near-road;Air quality;Traffic |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000426050700006 |
来源期刊 | AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
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来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/58423 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 2.US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA; 3.US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, 2000 Traverwood Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA; 4.Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Ctr Environm Modeling Policy Dev, 100 Europa Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA; 5.US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kimbrough, Sue,Hanley, Tim,Hagler, Gayle,et al. Influential factors affecting black carbon trends at four sites of differing distance from a major highway in Las Vegas[J]. 美国环保署,2018,11(2):181-196. |
APA | Kimbrough, Sue,Hanley, Tim,Hagler, Gayle,Baldauf, Richard,Snyder, Michelle,&Brantley, Halley.(2018).Influential factors affecting black carbon trends at four sites of differing distance from a major highway in Las Vegas.AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH,11(2),181-196. |
MLA | Kimbrough, Sue,et al."Influential factors affecting black carbon trends at four sites of differing distance from a major highway in Las Vegas".AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH 11.2(2018):181-196. |
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