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DOI | 10.3390/su70912071 |
Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow-A Conceptual Framework | |
Ma, Xin (Cissy)1; Xue, Xiaobo2; Gonzalez-Meija, Alejandra2; Garland, Jay3; Cashdollar, Jennifer3 | |
发表日期 | 2015-09-01 |
ISSN | 2071-1050 |
卷号 | 7期号:9页码:12071-12105 |
英文摘要 | Urban water systems are an example of complex, dynamic human-environment coupled systems which exhibit emergent behaviors that transcend individual scientific disciplines. While previous siloed approaches to water services (i.e., water resources, drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater) have led to great improvements in public health protection, sustainable solutions for a growing global population facing increased resource constraints demand a paradigm shift based on holistic management to maximize the use and recovery of water, energy, nutrients, and materials. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the issues in traditional water systems including water demand and use, centralized configuration, sewer collection systems, characteristics of mixed wastewater, and to explore alternative solutions such as decentralized water systems, fit for purpose and water reuse, natural/green infrastructure, vacuum sewer collection systems, and nutrient/energy recovery. This review also emphasizes a system thinking approach for evaluating alternatives that should include sustainability indicators and metrics such as emergy to assess global system efficiency. An example paradigm shift design for urban water system is presented, not as the recommended solution for all environments, but to emphasize the framework of system-level analysis and the need to visualize water services as an organic whole. When water systems are designed to maximize the resources and optimum efficiency, they are more prevailing and sustainable than siloed management because a system is more than the sum of its parts. |
英文关键词 | urban water systems;paradigm shift;system-based analysis;resource recovery;energy recovery;nutrient recovery;fit-for-purpose;dual water quality;system efficiency;emergy synthesis |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000362553400037 |
来源期刊 | SUSTAINABILITY |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/57675 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 2.US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 3.US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Ma, Xin ,Xue, Xiaobo,Gonzalez-Meija, Alejandra,et al. Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow-A Conceptual Framework[J]. 美国环保署,2015,7(9):12071-12105. |
APA | Ma, Xin ,Xue, Xiaobo,Gonzalez-Meija, Alejandra,Garland, Jay,&Cashdollar, Jennifer.(2015).Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow-A Conceptual Framework.SUSTAINABILITY,7(9),12071-12105. |
MLA | Ma, Xin ,et al."Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow-A Conceptual Framework".SUSTAINABILITY 7.9(2015):12071-12105. |
条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 |
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