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DOI | 10.1002/etc.2055 |
Relationship of land use and elevated ionic strength in Appalachian watersheds | |
Cormier, Susan M.1; Wilkes, Samuel P.2; Zheng, Lei3 | |
发表日期 | 2013-02-01 |
ISSN | 0730-7268 |
卷号 | 32期号:2页码:296-303 |
英文摘要 | Coal mining activities have been implicated as sources that increase stream specific conductance in Central Appalachia. The present study characterized potential sources of elevated ionic strength for small subwatersheds within the Coal, Upper Kanawha, Gauley, and New Rivers in West Virginia. From a large monitoring data set developed by the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection, 162 < 20km2-watersheds were identified that had detailed land cover information in southwestern West Virginia with at least one water chemistry sample. Scatter plots of specific conductance were generated for nine land cover classifications: open water, agriculture, forest, residential, barren, total mining, valley fill, abandoned mine lands, and mining excluding valley fill and abandoned mine lands. Conductivity was negatively correlated with the percentage of forest area and positively associated with other land uses. In a multiple regression, the percentage of area in valley fill was the strongest contributor to increased ionic strength, followed by percentage of area in urban (residential/buildings) land use and other mining land use. Based on the 10th quantile regression, 300 mu S/cm was exceeded at 3.3% of area in valley fill. In most catchments, HCO?3- and SO?42- concentrations were greater than Cl- concentration. These findings confirm coal mining activities as the primary source of high conductivity waters. Such activities might be redressed with the goal of protecting sources of dilute freshwater in the region. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:296303. (C) 2012 SETAC |
英文关键词 | Conductivity;Coal mining;Dissolved ions;Valley fill;Sulfate |
语种 | 英语 |
WOS记录号 | WOS:000313867300009 |
来源期刊 | ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY |
来源机构 | 美国环保署 |
文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/57078 |
作者单位 | 1.US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA; 2.Tetra Tech Inc, Charleston, WV USA; 3.Tetra Tech Inc, Owings Mills, MD USA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Cormier, Susan M.,Wilkes, Samuel P.,Zheng, Lei. Relationship of land use and elevated ionic strength in Appalachian watersheds[J]. 美国环保署,2013,32(2):296-303. |
APA | Cormier, Susan M.,Wilkes, Samuel P.,&Zheng, Lei.(2013).Relationship of land use and elevated ionic strength in Appalachian watersheds.ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY,32(2),296-303. |
MLA | Cormier, Susan M.,et al."Relationship of land use and elevated ionic strength in Appalachian watersheds".ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 32.2(2013):296-303. |
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