气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan

CCPortal

DOI	10.1007/s11111-023-00443-2
	Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan
	Khan, Saeed A.; Doevenspeck, Martin; Sass, Oliver
发表日期	2024
ISSN	0199-0039
EISSN	1573-7810
起始页码	46
结束页码	1
卷号	46 期号:1
英文摘要	The relationship between climate, environment, and human mobility is complex as (im)mobility outcomes are influenced by multiple socioeconomic, political, and environmental factors. The current debate is focused on migration as an adaptation strategy in the face of climate change but largely ignores the immobility aspect, particularly in the Eastern Hindu Kush where mountain livelihoods are strongly dependent on local environmental conditions. In this study, we examine the interrelations between climate change and the environment as drivers of human mobility and immobility in the mountain communities of Lotkuh valley, Chitral, in north Pakistan. We employed a mixed methods approach grounded in migration theory to describe the relationship between climate change, environment, and (im)mobility outcomes. The study reveals that climate (im)mobilities are the outcome of a complex interplay between climate change, extreme events, and local livelihoods. The primary drivers of (im)mobility are socioeconomic factors. Forced displacement is driven by a multitude of extreme events in the area. Three critical aspects of livelihoods-land resources, crop productivity, and livestock farming-are identified as significant factors influencing mobility and immobility outcomes. Recurring extreme events such as floods and landslides exacerbate soil erosion and the loss of fertile farmlands, leading to food insecurity and compelling households to resort to labor migration as an adaptation strategy. Conversely, for households facing severe income stress and depleted economic assets, immobility becomes the only viable option due to insufficient resources for migration. Moreover, the study reveals that some households adopt a mixed strategy by sending select members to other areas while others remain in their places of origin to sustain their livelihoods. The study has implications for policymakers, government, and development organizations in the region suggesting sustainable livelihoods and adaptation measures to address the specific challenges faced by mountain communities in the Lotkuh valley and the wider region.
英文关键词	Migration; Human mobility; Immobility; Climate adaptation; Sustainable livelihoods; Natural hazards
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Demography ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Demography ; Environmental Studies
WOS记录号	WOS:001126959600001
来源期刊	POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/309051
作者单位	University of Bayreuth
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Khan, Saeed A.,Doevenspeck, Martin,Sass, Oliver. Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan[J],2024,46(1).
APA	Khan, Saeed A.,Doevenspeck, Martin,&Sass, Oliver.(2024).Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan.POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT,46(1).
MLA	Khan, Saeed A.,et al."Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan".POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT 46.1(2024).