气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Phenology of Photosynthesis in Winter-Dormant Temperate and Boreal Forests: Long-Term Observations From Flux Towers and Quantitative Evaluation of Phenology Models

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DOI	10.1029/2023JG007839
	Phenology of Photosynthesis in Winter-Dormant Temperate and Boreal Forests: Long-Term Observations From Flux Towers and Quantitative Evaluation of Phenology Models
	Bowling, David R.; Schadel, Christina; Smith, Kenneth R.; Richardson, Andrew D.; Bahn, Michael; Arain, M. Altaf; Varlagin, Andrej; Ouimette, Andrew P.; Frank, John M.; Barr, Alan G.; Mammarella, Ivan; Sigut, Ladislav; Foord, Vanessa; Burns, Sean P.; Montagnani, Leonardo; Litvak, Marcy E.; Munger, J. William; Ikawa, Hiroki; Hollinger, David Y.; Blanken, Peter D.; Ueyama, Masahito; Matteucci, Giorgio; Bernhofer, Christian; Bohrer, Gil; Iwata, Hiroki; Ibrom, Andreas; Pilegaard, Kim; Spittlehouse, David L.; Kobayashi, Hideki; Desai, Ankur R.; Staebler, Ralf M.; Black, T. Andrew
发表日期	2024
ISSN	2169-8953
EISSN	2169-8961
起始页码	129
结束页码	5
卷号	129 期号:5
英文摘要	We examined the seasonality of photosynthesis in 46 evergreen needleleaf (evergreen needleleaf forests (ENF)) and deciduous broadleaf (deciduous broadleaf forests (DBF)) forests across North America and Eurasia. We quantified the onset and end (StartGPP and EndGPP) of photosynthesis in spring and autumn based on the response of net ecosystem exchange of CO2 to sunlight. To test the hypothesis that snowmelt is required for photosynthesis to begin, these were compared with end of snowmelt derived from soil temperature. ENF forests achieved 10% of summer photosynthetic capacity similar to 3 weeks before end of snowmelt, while DBF forests achieved that capacity similar to 4 weeks afterward. DBF forests increased photosynthetic capacity in spring faster (1.95% d-1) than ENF (1.10% d-1), and their active season length (EndGPP-StartGPP) was similar to 50 days shorter. We hypothesized that warming has influenced timing of the photosynthesis season. We found minimal evidence for long-term change in StartGPP, EndGPP, or air temperature, but their interannual anomalies were significantly correlated. Warmer weather was associated with earlier StartGPP (1.3-2.5 days degrees C-1) or later EndGPP (1.5-1.8 days degrees C-1, depending on forest type and month). Finally, we tested whether existing phenological models could predict StartGPP and EndGPP. For ENF forests, air temperature- and daylength-based models provided best predictions for StartGPP, while a chilling-degree-day model was best for EndGPP. The root mean square errors (RMSE) between predicted and observed StartGPP and EndGPP were 11.7 and 11.3 days, respectively. For DBF forests, temperature- and daylength-based models yielded the best results (RMSE 6.3 and 10.5 days). We used records of forest-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange and weather to determine when photosynthesis begins and ends each year in 46 northern hemisphere forests. We used observations of soil temperature to determine the timing of the end of the snowmelt period. We found that evergreen needleleaf forests began photosynthesis similar to 3 weeks before snowmelt ended, while deciduous broadleaf forests (DBF) waited until similar to 4 weeks after snowmelt ended. The DBF type ramped up photosynthesis in spring, and ramped down in autumn, faster than the ENF, and the length of the photosynthesis (or growing) season was similar to 50 days shorter for DBF forests. Abundant evidence suggests that spring is occurring earlier in recent decades. We checked whether these forests are starting photosynthesis earlier by looking at forests with long-term records. We found minimal support for changes in photosynthetic phenology over time, but very strong connections between temperature and the timing of spring and autumn transitions. We tested 19 models that use weather data to predict plant phenological events. We used gridded weather data to drive the models, and the best models were able to predict the spring and autumn photosynthetic transitions to within similar to 10 days. Evergreen forests began photosynthesis in spring similar to 3 weeks before end of snowmelt, deciduous forests similar to 4 weeks after end of snowmelt There is little evidence for lengthening of the photosynthetic season in the northern hemisphere forest flux tower record Interannual variation in onset and end of photosynthesis was related to air temperature
英文关键词	photosynthesis; gross primary productivity; phenology; snowpack; forest; spring
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Geology
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS记录号	WOS:001208690000001
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/306799
作者单位	Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Northern Arizona University; Northern Arizona University; University of Innsbruck; McMaster University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); United States Forest Service; University of Saskatchewan; Global Institute for Water Security; University of Helsinki; Czech Academy of Sciences; Global Change Research Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Free University of Bozen-Bolzano; University of New Mexico; Harvard University; National Agriculture & Food Research Organization - Japan; Osaka Metropolitan University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto per la BioEconomia (IBE-CNR); Technische Universitat Dres...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bowling, David R.,Schadel, Christina,Smith, Kenneth R.,et al. Phenology of Photosynthesis in Winter-Dormant Temperate and Boreal Forests: Long-Term Observations From Flux Towers and Quantitative Evaluation of Phenology Models[J],2024,129(5).
APA	Bowling, David R..,Schadel, Christina.,Smith, Kenneth R..,Richardson, Andrew D..,Bahn, Michael.,...&Black, T. Andrew.(2024).Phenology of Photosynthesis in Winter-Dormant Temperate and Boreal Forests: Long-Term Observations From Flux Towers and Quantitative Evaluation of Phenology Models.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES,129(5).
MLA	Bowling, David R.,et al."Phenology of Photosynthesis in Winter-Dormant Temperate and Boreal Forests: Long-Term Observations From Flux Towers and Quantitative Evaluation of Phenology Models".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES 129.5(2024).