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DOI	10.1111/gcb.17266
	Unpunctual in diversity: The effect of stand species richness on spring phenology of deciduous tree stands varies among species and years
	Heinecke, Thilo; De Frenne, Pieter; Verheyen, Kris; Nijs, Ivan; Matthysen, Erik; Campioli, Matteo
发表日期	2024
ISSN	1354-1013
EISSN	1365-2486
起始页码	30
结束页码	4
卷号	30 期号:4
英文摘要	Climatic drivers alone do not adequately explain the regional variation in budburst timing in deciduous forests across Europe. Stand-level factors, such as tree species richness, might affect budburst timing by creating different microclimates under the same site macroclimate. We assessed different phases of the spring phenology (start, midpoint, end, and overall duration of the budburst period) of four important European tree species (Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur and Tilia cordata) in monocultures and four-species mixture stands of a common garden tree biodiversity experiment in Belgium (FORBIO) in 2021 and 2022. Microclimatic differences between the stands in terms of bud chilling, temperature forcing, and soil temperature were considerable, with four-species mixtures being generally colder than monocultures in spring, but not in winter. In the colder spring of 2021, at the stand level, the end of the budburst period was advanced, and its overall duration shortened, in the four-species mixtures. At species level, this response was significant for F. sylvatica. In the warmer spring of 2022, advances in spring phenology in four-species stands were observed again in F. sylvatica and, less markedly, in B. pendula but without a general response at the stand level. Q. robur showed specific patterns with delayed budburst start in 2021 in the four-species mixtures and very short budburst duration for all stands in 2022. Phenological differences between monocultures and four-species mixtures were linked to microclimatic differences in light availability rather than in temperature as even comparatively colder microclimates showed an advanced phenology. Compared to weather conditions, tree species richness had a lower impact on budburst timing, but this impact can be of importance for key species like F. sylvatica and colder springs. These results indicate that forest biodiversity can affect budburst phenology, with wider implications, especially for forest- and land surface models. The timing of the bud-to-leaf transition (budburst) in spring for deciduous trees is not only determined by the weather, but in some species also by the local species richness. This effect is more likely driven by differences in light availability than in temperature and stronger in overall cold than in warm springs. The integration of non-climatic factors such as local species richness could therefore potentially improve current spring greening models, which are an important part of general climate models.image
英文关键词	biodiversity; budburst; common garden; FORBIO; forest ecology; microclimate; phenology; tree ecology
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Biodiversity & Conservation ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Biodiversity Conservation ; Ecology ; Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001191190200001
来源期刊	GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/306169
作者单位	University of Antwerp; Ghent University; University of Antwerp
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Heinecke, Thilo,De Frenne, Pieter,Verheyen, Kris,et al. Unpunctual in diversity: The effect of stand species richness on spring phenology of deciduous tree stands varies among species and years[J],2024,30(4).
APA	Heinecke, Thilo,De Frenne, Pieter,Verheyen, Kris,Nijs, Ivan,Matthysen, Erik,&Campioli, Matteo.(2024).Unpunctual in diversity: The effect of stand species richness on spring phenology of deciduous tree stands varies among species and years.GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY,30(4).
MLA	Heinecke, Thilo,et al."Unpunctual in diversity: The effect of stand species richness on spring phenology of deciduous tree stands varies among species and years".GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 30.4(2024).