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DOI	10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109309
	The effects of sowing date on maize: Phenology, morphology, and yield formation in a hot subtropical monsoon region
	Cao, Zhong-Yang; Chen, Zhi-Hui; Tang, Bin; Zeng, Qiang; Guo, Huan-Le; Huang, Wan-Hua; Luo, Yu; Shen, Si; Zhou, Shun-Li
发表日期	2024
ISSN	0378-4290
EISSN	1872-6852
起始页码	309
卷号	309
英文摘要	Context or problem: With abundant thermal resources, there is a long-time span for potential maize sowing in the hot subtropical monsoon region. However, with different sowing dates, maize may be exposed to elevated temperatures at different growth stages. Objective: This study aims to understand the impact of sowing date on maize growth and development and yield formation as temperatures increase. Methods: A 3-year field experiment was carried out in the typical subtropical monsoon region in China, with 11 sowing dates ranging from mid-March to late June with approximately 10-day intervals (named S1 to S11), and three main commercial varieties were included to validate the impact of sowing date. Results: Following delayed sowing, maize plants were exposed to increased temperatures during the emergence (VE) to silking (R1) stages. Maize plants of the three varieties exhibited similar responses to delayed sowing dates in terms of growth, development, and yield performance. Vegetative growth was accelerated, while the anthesissilking interval (ASI) and the vegetative-to-reproductive transition, that is, the interval of V12 (twelfth leaf) to R1 stages, were prolonged. The grain yield gradually decreased and reached a minimum at approximately S8-S10 (varied among varieties), which was in accordance with the decreased grain number. Further analyses revealed that the decreased grain number and yield were associated with a prolonged V12-R1 interval with delayed sowing. The duration of V12-R1 was significantly positively correlated with the maximum and minimum temperatures within a day, suggesting that the V12-R1 interval could be a parameter for evaluation of heat's impact on yield formation. Grain weight decreased as the temperature of the R1-R6 stage rose before S8 but increased as the temperature dropped after S8. Inconsistently, biomass accumulation, leaf area, and plant and ear height first increased and then decreased before and after S3-S6, respectively. Conclusions and significance: Delayed sowing in hot subtropical monsoon regions exposes maize plants to elevated temperatures, leading to accelerated vegetative and reproductive growth but a prolonged vegetative-toreproductive transition, and suppresses yield by reducing grain number and/or weight, resulting the yield decreased with the delayed sowing. By demonstrating the impacts of high temperature with different sowing dates on the phenology, morphology, and yield formation of maize, this study provides a basis for improving maize yield in practical production by optimizing the sowing date.
英文关键词	Sowing date; Maize; Phenology; Yield; High temperature
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
WOS类目	Agronomy
WOS记录号	WOS:001205802700001
来源期刊	FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/306145
作者单位	Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; China Agricultural University; China Agricultural University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Cao, Zhong-Yang,Chen, Zhi-Hui,Tang, Bin,et al. The effects of sowing date on maize: Phenology, morphology, and yield formation in a hot subtropical monsoon region[J],2024,309.
APA	Cao, Zhong-Yang.,Chen, Zhi-Hui.,Tang, Bin.,Zeng, Qiang.,Guo, Huan-Le.,...&Zhou, Shun-Li.(2024).The effects of sowing date on maize: Phenology, morphology, and yield formation in a hot subtropical monsoon region.FIELD CROPS RESEARCH,309.
MLA	Cao, Zhong-Yang,et al."The effects of sowing date on maize: Phenology, morphology, and yield formation in a hot subtropical monsoon region".FIELD CROPS RESEARCH 309(2024).