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| DOI | 10.1002/jwmg.22562 |
| Survival and behavior of Mojave desert tortoises head-started with and without outdoor rearing | |
| 发表日期 | 2024 |
| ISSN | 0022-541X |
| EISSN | 1937-2817 |
| 起始页码 | 88 |
| 结束页码 | 4 |
| 卷号 | 88期号:4 |
| 英文摘要 | Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) populations in some regions have declined by >50% since 2004, prompting the need for more research on ways to recover populations. One possible recovery tool is head-starting (i.e., the act of protecting and raising juvenile tortoises to sizes that increase survival upon release); however, head-starting can have high start-up and maintenance costs that can limit its feasibility. Strategies that reduce cost and rearing duration may foster broader and more effective use. We released and radio-tracked 60 juvenile tortoises in the Mojave National Preserve in California, USA, that had been reared under 2 treatments: those reared 1 year indoors after hatching, then 1 year outdoors (combo) and those reared just 1 year indoors (indoor-only). We tested whether indoor-only rearing alone could be a more efficient means of producing robust head-started tortoises. We examined the behavior, movement, and survival of tortoises after release into the wild from 2020 to 2021 to determine whether these outcomes differed between husbandry treatments. Combo tortoises tended to perform settling behaviors (mean +/- 1 SE days to building first burrow = 6.7 +/- 0.8, entering dormancy = 23.3 +/- 2.1, and emerging from dormancy = 189.6 +/- 4.4) earlier than indoor-only tortoises (7.4 +/- 0.9, 31.5 +/- 2.6, and 193.9 +/- 5.9, respectively), but this difference was not significant, suggesting the rearing method did not greatly alter settling behavior. Indoor-only tortoises dispersed at least twice as far from their release site (156.2 +/- 26.3 m compared with 77.3 +/- 20.6 m for combo tortoises), had larger mean use areas (3.7 +/- 0.1 ha compared with 2.8 +/- 0.3 ha for combo tortoises for 95% Brownian bridge movement model estimates), and greater variability in their movements than combo tortoises (daily average step length post-emergence: 4.3 +/- 0.2 m compared with 2.8 +/- 0.1 m for combo tortoises). Despite differences in their movements, indoor-only and combo tortoises had similar survival rates over the study, 51% versus 42%, respectively, during a period of extreme drought in 2021. The similarity in survival between groups gives head-starting practitioners freedom in their rearing methods. The indoor-only group had lower site fidelity, which should be considered when this is an undesirable trait for released tortoises. |
| 英文关键词 | behavior; climate change; Gopherus agassizii; head-starting; movement; population augmentation; population recovery; survivorship |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Zoology |
| WOS类目 | Ecology ; Zoology |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:001167292900001 |
| 来源期刊 | JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
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| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/305850 |
| 作者单位 | United States Department of Energy (DOE); Savannah River Ecology Laboratory; University of California System; University of California Davis; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | . Survival and behavior of Mojave desert tortoises head-started with and without outdoor rearing[J],2024,88(4). |
| APA | (2024).Survival and behavior of Mojave desert tortoises head-started with and without outdoor rearing.JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT,88(4). |
| MLA | "Survival and behavior of Mojave desert tortoises head-started with and without outdoor rearing".JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 88.4(2024). |
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