气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally

CCPortal

DOI	10.1371/journal.ppat.1011908
	The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally
	Wilson, Amy G.; Lapen, David R.; Provencher, Jennifer F.; Wilson, Scott
发表日期	2024
ISSN	1553-7366
EISSN	1553-7374
起始页码	20
结束页码	1
卷号	20 期号:1
英文摘要	Macroecological approaches can provide valuable insight into the epidemiology of globally distributed, multi-host pathogens. Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan that infects any warm-blooded animal, including humans, in almost every habitat worldwide. Toxoplasma gondii infects its hosts through oocysts in the environment, carnivory of tissue cysts within intermediate host prey and vertical transmission. These routes of infection enable specific predictions regarding the ecological and life history traits that should predispose specific taxa to higher exposure and, thus infection rates of T. gondii. Using T. gondii prevalence data compiled from 485 studies representing 533 free-ranging wild mammalian species, we examined how ecological (habitat type, trophic level) and life history (longevity, vagility, gestation duration and torpor) traits influence T. gondii infection globally. We also compared T. gondii prevalence between wild and domesticated species from the same taxonomic families using data compiled from 540 studies of domestic cattle, sheep, and pigs. Across free-ranging wildlife, we found the average T. gondii prevalence was 22%, which is comparable to the global human estimate. Among ecological guilds, terrestrial species had lower T. gondii prevalence than aquatic species, with freshwater aquatic taxa having an increased prevalence compared to marine aquatic species. Dietary niches were also influential, with carnivores having an increased risk compared to other trophic feeding groups that have reduced tissue cyst exposure in their diet. With respect to influential life history traits, we found that more vagile wildlife species had higher T. gondii infection rates, perhaps because of the higher cumulative risk of infection during movement through areas with varying T. gondii environmental loads. Domestic farmed species had a higher T. gondii prevalence compared to free-ranging confamilial wildlife species. Through a macroecological approach, we determined the relative significance of transmission routes of a generalist pathogen, demonstrating an increased infection risk for aquatic and carnivorous species and highlighting the importance of preventing pathogen pollution into aquatic environments. Toxoplasma gondii is increasingly understood to be primarily an anthropogenically-associated pathogen whose dissemination is enhanced by ecosystem degradation and human subsidisation of free-roaming domestic cats. Adopting an ecosystem restoration approach to reduce one of the world's most common parasites would synergistically contribute to other initiatives in conservation, feline and wildlife welfare, climate change, food security and public health.
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Microbiology ; Parasitology ; Virology
WOS类目	Microbiology ; Parasitology ; Virology
WOS记录号	WOS:001153610000003
来源期刊	PLOS PATHOGENS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/305719
作者单位	University of British Columbia; Environment & Climate Change Canada; Canadian Wildlife Service; National Wildlife Research Centre - Canada; Environment & Climate Change Canada; Canadian Wildlife Service; Pacific Wildlife Research Centre
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wilson, Amy G.,Lapen, David R.,Provencher, Jennifer F.,et al. The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally[J],2024,20(1).
APA	Wilson, Amy G.,Lapen, David R.,Provencher, Jennifer F.,&Wilson, Scott.(2024).The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally.PLOS PATHOGENS,20(1).
MLA	Wilson, Amy G.,et al."The role of species ecology in predicting Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in wild and domesticated mammals globally".PLOS PATHOGENS 20.1(2024).