气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Airborne Sounding Radar for Desert Subsurface Exploration of Aquifers: Desert-SEA: Mission concept study [Space Agencies]

CCPortal

DOI	10.1109/MGRS.2023.3338512
	Airborne Sounding Radar for Desert Subsurface Exploration of Aquifers: Desert-SEA: Mission concept study [Space Agencies]
	Heggy, Essam; Moghaddam, Mahta; Palmer, Elizabeth M.; Brown, William M.; Blanton, J. Lee; Kosinski, Mikolaj; Sirri, Paul; Dixon, Edgar A.; Abotalib, Abotalib Z.; Normand, Jonathan C. L.; Clark, John; Klemens, Gary; Agranier, Matthieu; Guillon, Francois; Abdellatif, Akram A.; Khattab, Tamer; Tsvetanov, Zlatan; Shokry, Mohamed; Al-Mulla, Noor; Ramah, Mohamed; Bateni, Sayed M.; Tabatabaeenejad, Alireza; Avouac, Jean-Philippe
发表日期	2024
ISSN	2473-2397
EISSN	2168-6831
起始页码	12
结束页码	1
卷号	12 期号:1
英文摘要	Shallow aquifers are the largest freshwater bodies in the North African Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. Their groundwater dynamics and response to climatic variability and anthropogenic discharge remain largely unquantified due to the absence of large-scale monitoring methods. Currently, the assessment of groundwater dynamics in these aquifer systems is made primarily from sporadic well logs that barely cover a few percent of the geographical extent of these water bodies. To address this deficiency, we develop the use of an ultra-wideband (UWB) very high frequency (VHF) interferometric airborne sounding radar, under a collaboration between NASA and the Qatar Foundation, to characterize the depth and geometry of the shallowest water table in large hyperarid hydrological basins in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Herein, we describe the science objectives, measurement requirements, instrument design, expected performance, flight implementation scenarios, primary targets for investigation, and the first technology demonstration of the concept. Our performance analyses suggest that an airborne, nadir-looking sounding radar system operating at a 70-MHz center frequency with a linearly polarized folded-dipole antenna array-enabling a bandwidth (BW) of 50 MHz-and a surface signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 85 dB flying at an altitude of 500-2,000 m can map the uppermost water table depths of aquifer systems spanning tens of kilometers at a vertical resolution of 3 m in desiccated terrains to an average penetration depth of 50 m, with a spatial resolution of 200 m. For the first time, this airborne concept will allow time-coherent high-resolution mapping of the uppermost water tables of major aquifer systems in hyperarid areas, providing unique insights into their dynamics and responses to increasing climatic and anthropogenic stressors, which remain largely uncharacterized. The aforementioned significantly surpasses the existing capabilities for mapping shallow aquifers in these harsh and remote environments, which relies today on data collected on different timescales from sparse well logs that do not cover their geographic extents. A list of key abbreviations for this article can be found in The Key Abbreviations Used in This Article.
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Geochemistry & Geophysics ; Remote Sensing ; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
WOS类目	Geochemistry & Geophysics ; Remote Sensing ; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
WOS记录号	WOS:001181182100012
来源期刊	IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/304582
作者单位	University of Southern California; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Authority for Remote Sensing & Space Sciences (NARSS); Technical University of Munich; Qatar University; Qatar Foundation (QF); Hamad Bin Khalifa University-Qatar; Qatar Environment & Energy Research Institute; Universite Catholique Louvain; Aerospace Corporation - USA; California Institute of Technology
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Heggy, Essam,Moghaddam, Mahta,Palmer, Elizabeth M.,et al. Airborne Sounding Radar for Desert Subsurface Exploration of Aquifers: Desert-SEA: Mission concept study [Space Agencies][J],2024,12(1).
APA	Heggy, Essam.,Moghaddam, Mahta.,Palmer, Elizabeth M..,Brown, William M..,Blanton, J. Lee.,...&Avouac, Jean-Philippe.(2024).Airborne Sounding Radar for Desert Subsurface Exploration of Aquifers: Desert-SEA: Mission concept study [Space Agencies].IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE,12(1).
MLA	Heggy, Essam,et al."Airborne Sounding Radar for Desert Subsurface Exploration of Aquifers: Desert-SEA: Mission concept study [Space Agencies]".IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING MAGAZINE 12.1(2024).