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DOI	10.3389/fenvs.2023.1289142
	Satellite derived trends and variability of CO2 concentrations in the Middle East during 2014-2023
	Fonseca, Ricardo; Francis, Diana
发表日期	2024
EISSN	2296-665X
起始页码	11
卷号	11
英文摘要	The Middle East has major sources of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but a dearth of ground-based measurements precludes an investigation of its regional and temporal variability. This is achieved in this work with satellite-derived estimates from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and OCO-3 missions from September 2014 to February 2023. The annual maximum and minimum column (XCO2) concentrations are generally reached in spring and autumn, respectively, with a typical seasonal cycle amplitude of 3-8 +/- 0.5 ppmv in the Arabian Peninsula rising to 8-10 +/- 1 ppmv in the mid-latitudes. A comparison of the seasonal-mean XCO2 values with the CO2 emissions estimated using the divergence method stresses the role played by the sources and transport of CO2 in the spatial distribution of XCO2, with anthropogenic emissions prevailing in arid and semi-arid regions that lack persistent vegetation. In the 8-year period 2015-2022, the XCO2 concentration in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) increased at a rate of about 2.50 +/- 0.04 ppmv/year, with the trend empirical orthogonal function technique revealing a hotspot over northeastern UAE and southern Iran in the summer where anthropogenic emissions peak and accumulate aided by low-level wind convergence. A comparison of the satellite-derived CO2 concentration with that used to drive climate change models for different emission scenarios in the 8-year period revealed that the concentrations used in the latter is overestimated, with maximum differences exceeding 10 ppmv by 2022. This excess in the amount of CO2 can lead to an over-prediction of the projected increase in temperature in the region, an aspect that needs to be investigated further. This work stresses the need for a ground-based observational network of greenhouse gas concentrations in the Middle East to better understand its spatial and temporal variability and for the evaluation of remote sensing observations as well as climate models.
英文关键词	CO2; OCO-2; OCO-3; middle east; variability and trends; GHG emissions
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001155032300001
来源期刊	FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/304162
作者单位	Khalifa University of Science & Technology
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Fonseca, Ricardo,Francis, Diana. Satellite derived trends and variability of CO2 concentrations in the Middle East during 2014-2023[J],2024,11.
APA	Fonseca, Ricardo,&Francis, Diana.(2024).Satellite derived trends and variability of CO2 concentrations in the Middle East during 2014-2023.FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE,11.
MLA	Fonseca, Ricardo,et al."Satellite derived trends and variability of CO2 concentrations in the Middle East during 2014-2023".FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 11(2024).