气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): What is the environmental impact of a blood transfusion? A life cycle assessment of transfusion services across England

CCPortal

DOI	10.1111/trf.17786
	What is the environmental impact of a blood transfusion? A life cycle assessment of transfusion services across England
	Hibbs, Stephen P.; Thomas, Stephen; Agarwal, Nikhil; Andrews, Charlotte; Eskander, Sylvia; Abdalla, Aaliyah Sharif; Staves, Julie; Eckelman, Matthew J.; Murphy, Michael F.
发表日期	2024
ISSN	0041-1132
EISSN	1537-2995
起始页码	64
结束页码	4
卷号	64 期号:4
英文摘要	BackgroundHealthcare activities significantly contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Blood transfusions require complex, interlinked processes to collect, manufacture, and supply. Their contribution to healthcare emissions and avenues for mitigation is unknown. Study Design and MethodsWe performed a life cycle assessment (LCA) for red blood cell (RBC) transfusions across England where 1.36 million units are transfused annually. We defined the process flow with seven categories: donation, transportation, manufacturing, testing, stockholding, hospital transfusion, and disposal. We used direct measurements, manufacturer data, bioengineering databases, and surveys to assess electrical power usage, embodied carbon in disposable materials and reagents, and direct emissions through transportation, refrigerant leakage, and disposal. ResultsThe central estimate of carbon footprint per unit of RBC transfused was 7.56 kg CO2 equivalent (CO(2)eq). The largest contribution was from transportation (2.8 kg CO(2)eq, 36% of total). The second largest was from hospital transfusion processes (1.9 kg CO(2)eq, 26%), driven mostly by refrigeration. The third largest was donation (1.3 kg CO(2)eq, 17%) due to the plastic blood packs. Total emissions from RBC transfusion are similar to 10.3 million kg CO(2)eq/year. DiscussionThis is the first study to estimate GHG emissions attributable to RBC transfusion, quantifying the contributions of each stage of the process. Primary areas for mitigation may include electric vehicles for the blood service fleet, improving the energy efficiency of refrigeration, using renewable sources of electricity, changing the plastic of blood packs, and using methods of disposal other than incineration.
英文关键词	carbon footprint; greenhouse gas emissions; life cycle assessment; transfusion
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Hematology
WOS类目	Hematology
WOS记录号	WOS:001187709000001
来源期刊	TRANSFUSION
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/301342
作者单位	University of London; Queen Mary University London; Northeastern University; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hibbs, Stephen P.,Thomas, Stephen,Agarwal, Nikhil,et al. What is the environmental impact of a blood transfusion? A life cycle assessment of transfusion services across England[J],2024,64(4).
APA	Hibbs, Stephen P..,Thomas, Stephen.,Agarwal, Nikhil.,Andrews, Charlotte.,Eskander, Sylvia.,...&Murphy, Michael F..(2024).What is the environmental impact of a blood transfusion? A life cycle assessment of transfusion services across England.TRANSFUSION,64(4).
MLA	Hibbs, Stephen P.,et al."What is the environmental impact of a blood transfusion? A life cycle assessment of transfusion services across England".TRANSFUSION 64.4(2024).