气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies

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DOI	10.5194/cp-20-1125-2024
	Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies
	Velasquez-Jimenez, Laura; Abram, Nerilie J.
发表日期	2024
ISSN	1814-9324
EISSN	1814-9332
起始页码	20
结束页码	5
卷号	20 期号:5
英文摘要	The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) strongly influences climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere. The SAM index describes the phase and magnitude of the SAM and can be calculated by measuring the difference in mean sea level pressure (MSLP) between middle and high latitudes. This study investigates the effects of calculation methods and data resolution on the SAM index, and subsequent interpretations of SAM impacts and trends. We show that the normalisation step that is traditionally used in calculating the SAM index leads to substantial differences in the magnitude of the SAM index calculated at different temporal resolutions. Additionally, the equal weighting that the normalisation approach gives to MSLP variability at the middle and high southern latitudes artificially alters temperature and precipitation correlations and the interpretation of climate change trends in the SAM. These issues can be overcome by instead using a natural SAM index based on MSLP anomalies, resulting in consistent scaling and variability in the SAM index calculated at daily, monthly and annual data resolutions. The natural SAM index has improved representation of SAM impacts in the high southern latitudes, including the asymmetric (zonal wave-3) component of MSLP variability, whereas the increased weighting given to mid-latitude MSLP variability in the normalised SAM index incorporates a stronger component of tropical climate variability that is not directly associated with SAM variability. We conclude that an improved approach of calculating the SAM index from MSLP anomalies without normalisation would aid consistency across climate studies and avoid potential ambiguity in the SAM index, including SAM index reconstructions from palaeoclimate data, and thus enable more consistent interpretations of SAM trends and impacts.
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Geology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001216926700001
来源期刊	CLIMATE OF THE PAST
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/301228
作者单位	Australian National University; Australian National University; Australian National University; Australian National University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Velasquez-Jimenez, Laura,Abram, Nerilie J.. Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies[J],2024,20(5).
APA	Velasquez-Jimenez, Laura,&Abram, Nerilie J..(2024).Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies.CLIMATE OF THE PAST,20(5).
MLA	Velasquez-Jimenez, Laura,et al."Technical note: An improved methodology for calculating the Southern Annular Mode index to aid consistency between climate studies".CLIMATE OF THE PAST 20.5(2024).