气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Sport events and the environment: Assessing the carbon footprint of spectators ' modal choices at professional football games in Austria

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DOI	10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142259
	Sport events and the environment: Assessing the carbon footprint of spectators ' modal choices at professional football games in Austria
	Herold, David M.; Breitbarth, Tim; Hergesell, Anja; Schulenkorf, Nico
发表日期	2024
ISSN	0959-6526
EISSN	1879-1786
起始页码	452
卷号	452
英文摘要	As a response to the increasing threat to sport events from climate change and expectations around climate change mitigation, sport event managers increasingly engage in environmentally -related initiatives that aim to reduce GHG emissions. One of the major contributors to GHG emissions at large sport events is spectators ' travel and, thus, their associated modal choices. Building on the Sport Logistics Framework (SLF) and using the case study of Rapid Vienna, the largest football club in Austria, this study investigates spectators ' modal choice to systematically assess the total GHGs emitted by spectators at a professional football home game. Data was obtained from two sources: a) an extensive data set collected on Rapid Vienna season ticket holders, and b) three surveys at home games which, together, constituted 3317 valid responses. The calculation of the GHG emissions resulted in 99,548 kg GHG emissions per home game or 6.0 kg GHG emissions per spectator. It was also found that 42.4 per cent spectators arriving by car emit 71.6 per cent of GHG emissions, while in contrast, 52.8 per cent of spectators using public transport emit 27.1 per cent of GHG emissions. The results also indicate that the possession of an annual public transport ticket seems to determine travel behavior, i.e. the majority of spectators with an annual ticket are using it, while spectators without a ticket are using a car. As such, this paper not only provides an opportunity for academics and managers to benchmark the data in order to identify initiatives to reduce the impact of GHG emissions, but also allows for the systematic measuring of the environmental impact of fan and spectator travel.
英文关键词	GHG emissions; Football; Sustainability; Modal choice; Transport mode; Sport logistics
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Engineering ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Green & Sustainable Science & Technology ; Engineering, Environmental ; Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:001232062600001
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/290130
作者单位	Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Vienna University of Economics & Business; University of Technology Sydney; University of Technology Sydney; Stellenbosch University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Herold, David M.,Breitbarth, Tim,Hergesell, Anja,et al. Sport events and the environment: Assessing the carbon footprint of spectators ' modal choices at professional football games in Austria[J],2024,452.
APA	Herold, David M.,Breitbarth, Tim,Hergesell, Anja,&Schulenkorf, Nico.(2024).Sport events and the environment: Assessing the carbon footprint of spectators ' modal choices at professional football games in Austria.JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION,452.
MLA	Herold, David M.,et al."Sport events and the environment: Assessing the carbon footprint of spectators ' modal choices at professional football games in Austria".JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 452(2024).