气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend (MSU/AMSU 1978-2022) over the Tibet and Eastern Himalayas

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DOI	10.3390/app13169088
	Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend (MSU/AMSU 1978-2022) over the Tibet and Eastern Himalayas
	Desinayak, Nirasindhu; Prasad, Anup Krishna; Vinod, Arya; Mishra, Sameeksha; Shukla, Anubhav; Nayak, Suren
发表日期	2023
EISSN	2076-3417
卷号	13 期号:16
英文摘要	The high-altitude Hindu Kush-Himalayan region (HKH, average similar to 5 km from msl) and the adjacent Indo-Gangetic plains (IG plains, similar to 0-250 m msl), due to their geographical location and complex topography, are reported to be highly sensitive to climatic changes. Recent studies show that the impacts of climate change and associated changes in water resources (glacial/snow melt water and rainfall) in this region are multifaceted, thereby affecting ecosystems, agriculture, industries, and inhabitants. In this study, 45 years of Microwave Sounding Unit/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU/AMSU)-derived mid-tropospheric temperature (TMT, 3-7 km altitude) and lower tropospheric temperature (TLT, 0-3 km altitude) data from the Remote Sensing Systems (RSS Version 4.0) were utilized to analyze the overall changes in tropospheric temperature in terms of annual/monthly trends and anomalies. The current study shows that the mid-tropospheric temperature (0-3 km altitude over the HKH region) has already alarmingly increased (statistically significant) in Tibet, the western Himalayas, and the eastern Himalayas by 1.49 degrees K, 1.30 degrees K, and 1.35 degrees K, respectively, over the last 45 years (1978-2022). As compared to a previous report (TMT trend for 30 years, 1979-2008), the present study of TMT trends for 45 years (1978-2022) exhibits a rise in percent change in the trend component in the high-altitude regions of Tibet, the western Himalayas, and the eastern Himalayas by approximately 310%, 80%, and 170%, respectively. In contrast, the same for adjacent plains (the western and eastern IG plains) shows a negligible or much lower percent change (0% and 40%, respectively) over the last 14 years. Similarly, dust source regions in Africa, Arabia, the Middle East, Iran, and Pakistan show only a 130% change in warming trends over the past 14 years. In the monthly breakup, the 'November to March' period usually shows a higher TMT trend (with peaks in December, February, and March) compared to the rest of the months, except in the western Himalayas, where the peak is observed in May, which can be attributed to the peak dust storm activity (March to May). Snow cover over the HKH region, where the growing season is known to be from September to February, is also reported to show the highest snow cover in February (with the peak in January, February, or March), which coincides with the warmest period in terms of anomaly and trend observed in the long-term mid-tropospheric temperature data (1978-2022). Thus, the current study highlights that the statistically significant and positive TMT warming trend (95% CI) and its observed acceleration over the high-altitude region (since 2008) can be attributed to being one of the major factors causing an acceleration in the rate of melting of snow cover and glaciers, particularly in Tibet and the Eastern Himalayas.
关键词	tropospheric temperature Himalayas MSU/AMSU HKH snow and glacier
英文关键词	AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; LONG-TERM TRENDS; TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; WESTERN HIMALAYA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLACIAL RETREAT; WARMING TRENDS; SATELLITE; BASIN; MSU
WOS研究方向	Chemistry, Multidisciplinary ; Engineering, Multidisciplinary ; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary ; Physics, Applied
WOS记录号	WOS:001055369100001
来源期刊	APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/283087
作者单位	Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad; Ravenshaw University; Utkal University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Desinayak, Nirasindhu,Prasad, Anup Krishna,Vinod, Arya,et al. Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend (MSU/AMSU 1978-2022) over the Tibet and Eastern Himalayas[J],2023,13(16).
APA	Desinayak, Nirasindhu,Prasad, Anup Krishna,Vinod, Arya,Mishra, Sameeksha,Shukla, Anubhav,&Nayak, Suren.(2023).Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend (MSU/AMSU 1978-2022) over the Tibet and Eastern Himalayas.APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL,13(16).
MLA	Desinayak, Nirasindhu,et al."Rise in Mid-Tropospheric Temperature Trend (MSU/AMSU 1978-2022) over the Tibet and Eastern Himalayas".APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 13.16(2023).