气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of non-fungible tokens and Bitcoin

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.erss.2022.102499
	Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of non-fungible tokens and Bitcoin
	Truby, Jon; Brown, Rafael Dean; Dahdal, Andrew; Ibrahim, Imad
发表日期	2022
ISSN	2214-6296
EISSN	2214-6326
卷号	88
英文摘要	The art industry has commercialised and popularised non-fungible tokens (NFTs), with the volume and value of NFT transactions rapidly growing to US$ 10.7 billion in Q3 2021. The increase in NFT transactions has drawn the attention of the art market to the consequent carbon emissions resulting from verifying transactions in proof-ofwork blockchains supporting NFT transactions. With CO2-related deaths attributable to NFT transactions, social pressure from the art market has helped to progress the switch away from the deliberately polluting proof-ofwork blockchains to more sustainable consensus protocols.Nonetheless, many popular types of blockchain have resisted the pressure to decrease their environmental impact, including Bitcoin, whose attributed 2021 annual emissions will produce emissions responsible for around 19,000 future deaths. In response, recent global policy interventions have employed legal and fiscal tools to reduce the carbon impact of some or all types of blockchains. Linking the damage caused by proof-of-work blockchains to climate change and human mortality, this study examines the recent policy interventions designed to motivate a shift in blockchain consensus protocols and promote miners' energy efficiency to mitigate environmental damage. This article further explores available policy intervention options that are currently not utilised.
英文关键词	Non-fungible token; NFTs; Carbon emissions; Blockchain energy consumption; Bitcoin; Ethereum; Sustainable development goals
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Studies
WOS类目	Social Science Citation Index (SSCI)
WOS记录号	WOS:000786607100010
来源期刊	ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/280747
作者单位	Qatar University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Truby, Jon,Brown, Rafael Dean,Dahdal, Andrew,et al. Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of non-fungible tokens and Bitcoin[J],2022,88.
APA	Truby, Jon,Brown, Rafael Dean,Dahdal, Andrew,&Ibrahim, Imad.(2022).Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of non-fungible tokens and Bitcoin.ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE,88.
MLA	Truby, Jon,et al."Blockchain, climate damage, and death: Policy interventions to reduce the carbon emissions, mortality, and net-zero implications of non-fungible tokens and Bitcoin".ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE 88(2022).