气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe

CCPortal

DOI	10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0364.1
	The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe
	Heiskanen, Jouni; Bruemmer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Calfapietra, Carlo; Chen, Huilin; Gielen, Bert; Gkritzalis, Thanos; Hammer, Samuel; Hartman, Susan; Herbst, Mathias; Janssens, Ivan A.; Jordan, Armin; Juurola, Eija; Karstens, Ute; Kasurinen, Ville; Kruijt, Bart; Lankreijer, Harry; Levin, Ingeborg; Linderson, Maj-Lena; Loustau, Denis; Merbold, Lutz; Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Papale, Dario; Pavelka, Marian; Pilegaard, Kim; Ramonet, Michel; Rebmann, Corinna; Rinne, Janne; Rivier, Leonard; Saltikoff, Elena; Sanders, Richard; Steinbacher, Martin; Steinhoff, Tobias; Watson, Andrew; Vermeulen, Alex T.; Vesa, Timo A.; Vitkova, Gabriela; Kutsch, Werner
发表日期	2022
ISSN	0003-0007
EISSN	1520-0477
起始页码	E855
结束页码	E872
卷号	103 期号:3
英文摘要	Since 1750, land-use change and fossil fuel combustion has led to a 46% increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, causing global warming with substantial societal consequences. The Paris Agreement aims to limit global temperature increases to well below 2 degrees C above preindustrial levels. Increasing levels of CO2 and other greenhouse gases (GH6s), such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), in the atmosphere are the primary cause of climate change. Approximately half of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere are sequestered by ocean and land sinks, leading to ocean acidification but also slowing the rate of global warming. However, there are significant uncertainties in the future global warming scenarios due to uncertainties in the size, nature, and stability of these sinks. Quantifying and monitoring the size and timing of natural sinks and the impact of climate change on ecosystems are important information to guide policy-makers' decisions and strategies on reductions in emissions. Continuous, long-term observations are required to quantify GHG emissions, sinks, and their impacts on Earth systems. The Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) was designed as the European in situ observation and information system to support science and society in their efforts to mitigate climate change. It provides standardized and open data currently from over 140 measurement stations across 12 European countries. The stations observe GHG concentrations in the atmosphere and carbon and GHG fluxes between the atmosphere, land surface, and the oceans. This article describes how ICOS fulfills its mission to harmonize these observations, ensure the related long-term financial commitments, provide easy access to well-documented and reproducible high-quality data and related protocols and tools for scientific studies, and deliver information and GHG-related products to stakeholders in society and policy.
英文关键词	Atmosphere; Ocean; Europe; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Measurements
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
WOS记录号	WOS:000796851500002
来源期刊	BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/280503
作者单位	University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki; Johann Heinrich von Thunen Institute; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); University of Groningen; University of Antwerp; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; NERC National Oceanography Centre; Deutscher Wetterdienst; Max Planck Society; University of Helsinki; Wageningen University & Research; Lund University; INRAE; Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope; NILU; Tuscia University; Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC); Czech Academy of Sciences; Global Change Research Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Technical University of Denmark; CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay; Universite Paris Cite; Universite Paris Saclay; CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials S...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Heiskanen, Jouni,Bruemmer, Christian,Buchmann, Nina,et al. The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe[J],2022,103(3).
APA	Heiskanen, Jouni.,Bruemmer, Christian.,Buchmann, Nina.,Calfapietra, Carlo.,Chen, Huilin.,...&Kutsch, Werner.(2022).The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe.BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY,103(3).
MLA	Heiskanen, Jouni,et al."The Integrated Carbon Observation System in Europe".BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY 103.3(2022).