气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical chanties, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities

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DOI	10.5194/acp-22-9129-2022
	Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical chanties, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities
	Zhang, Kai; Zhang, Wentao; Wan, Hui; Rasch, Philip J.; Ghan, Steven J.; Easter, Richard C.; Shi, Xiangjun; Wang, Yong; Wang, Hailong; Ma, Po-Lun; Zhang, Shixuan; Sun, Jian; Burrows, Susannah M.; Shrivastava, Manish; Singh, Balwinder; Qian, Yun; Liu, Xiaohong; Golaz, Jean-Christophe; Tang, Qi; Zheng, Xue; Xie, Shaocheng; Lin, Wuyin; Feng, Yan; Wang, Minghuai; Yoon, Jin-Ho; Leung, L. Ruby
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	9129
结束页码	9160
卷号	22 期号:13 页码:32
英文摘要	The effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols (ERFaer) is an important measure of the anthropogenic aerosol effects simulated by a global climate model. Here we analyze ERFaer simulated by the E3SM version 1 (E3SMv1) atmospheric model using both century-long free-running atmosphere-land simulations and short nudged simulations. We relate the simulated ERFaer to characteristics of the aerosol composition and optical properties, and we evaluate the relationships between key aerosol and cloud properties. In terms of historical changes from the year 1870 to 2014, our results show that the global mean anthropogenic aerosol burden and optical depth increase during the simulation period as expected, but the regional averages show large differences in the temporal evolution. The largest regional differences are found in the emission-induced evolution of the burden and optical depth of the sulfate aerosol: a strong decreasing trend is seen in the Northern Hemisphere high-latitude region after around 1970, while a continued increase is simulated in the tropics. The relationships between key aerosol and cloud properties (relative changes between pre-industrial and present-day conditions) also show evident changes after 1970, diverging from the linear relationships exhibited for the period of 1870-1969. In addition to the regional differences in the simulated relationships, a reduced sensitivity in cloud droplet number and other cloud properties to aerosol perturbations is seen when the aerosol perturbation is large. Consequently, the global annual mean ERF aer magnitude does not increase after around 1970. The ERFaer in E3SMv1 is relatively large compared to the recently published multi-model estimates; the primary reason is the large indirect aerosol effect (i.e., through aerosol-cloud interactions). Compared to other models, E3SMv1 features large relative changes in the cloud droplet effective radius in response to aerosol perturbations. Large sensitivity is also seen in the liquid cloud optical depth, which is determined by changes in both the effective radius and liquid water path. Aerosol-induced changes in liquid and ice cloud properties in E3SMv1 are found to have a strong correlation, as the evolution of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols affects both the liquid cloud formation and the homogeneous ice nucleation in cirrus clouds (that causes a large effect on longwave ERFaer). As suggested by a previous study, the large ERFaer appears to be one of the reasons why the model cannot reproduce the observed global mean temperature evolution in the second half of the 20th century. Sensitivity simulations are performed to understand which parameterization and/or parameter changes have a large impact on the simulated ERFaer. The ERFaer estimates in E3SMv1 for the shortwave and longwave components are sensitive to the parameterization changes in both liquid and ice cloud processes. When the parameterization of ice cloud processes is modified, the top-of-model forcing changes in the shortwave and longwave components largely offset each other, so the net effect is negligible. This suggests that, to reduce the magnitude of the net ERFaer, it would be more effective to reduce the anthropogenic aerosol effect through liquid or mixed-phase clouds.
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000824672400001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273852
作者单位	United States Department of Energy (DOE); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; Tsinghua University; Tsinghua University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Brookhaven National Laboratory; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; Nanjing University; Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST); National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhang, Kai,Zhang, Wentao,Wan, Hui,et al. Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical chanties, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities[J],2022,22(13):32.
APA	Zhang, Kai.,Zhang, Wentao.,Wan, Hui.,Rasch, Philip J..,Ghan, Steven J..,...&Leung, L. Ruby.(2022).Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical chanties, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,22(13),32.
MLA	Zhang, Kai,et al."Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical chanties, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 22.13(2022):32.