气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Chloride (HCl / Cl-) dominates inorganic aerosol formation from ammonia inthe Indo-Gangetic Plain during winter: modeling and comparison withobservations

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DOI	10.5194/acp-23-41-2023
	Chloride (HCl / Cl-) dominates inorganic aerosol formation from ammonia inthe Indo-Gangetic Plain during winter: modeling and comparison withobservations
	Pawar, Pooja V.; Ghude, Sachin D.; Govardhan, Gaurav; Acharja, Prodip; Kulkarni, Rachana; Kumar, Rajesh; Sinha, Baerbel; Sinha, Vinayak; Jena, Chinmay; Gunwani, Preeti; Adhya, Tapan Kumar; Nemitz, Eiko; Sutton, Mark A.
发表日期	2023
ISSN	1680-7316
EISSN	1680-7324
起始页码	41
结束页码	59
卷号	23 期号:1 页码:19
英文摘要	The Winter Fog Experiment (WiFEX) was an intensive field campaign conducted at Indira Gandhi International Airport (IGIA) Delhi, India, in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) during the winter of 2017-2018. Here, we report the first comparison in South Asia of high-temporal-resolution simulation of ammonia (NH3) along with ammonium (NH4+) and total NHx (i.e., NH3+ NH4+) using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and measurements made using the Monitor for AeRosols and Gases in Ambient Air (MARGA) at the WiFEX research site. In the present study, we incorporated the Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC) aerosol scheme into WRF-Chem. Despite simulated total NHx values and variability often agreeing well with the observations, the model frequently simulated higher NH3 and lower NH4+ concentrations than the observations. Under the winter conditions of high relative humidity (RH) in Delhi, hydrogen chloride (HCl) was found to promote the increase in the particle fraction of NH4+ (which accounted for 49.5 % of the resolved aerosol in equivalent units), with chloride (Cl-) (29.7 %) as the primary anion. By contrast, the absence of chloride (HCl / Cl-) chemistry in the standard WRF-Chem model results in the prediction of sulfate (SO42-) as the dominant inorganic aerosol anion. To understand the mismatch associated with the fraction of NHx in the particulate phase (NH4+ / NHx), we added HCl / Cl- to the model and evaluated the influence of its chemistry by conducting three sensitivity experiments using the model: no HCl, base case HCl (using a published waste burning inventory), and 3 x base HCl run. We found that 3 x base HCl increased the simulated average NH4+ by 13.1 mu g m-3 and NHx by 9.8 mu g m-3 concentration while reducing the average NH3 by 3.2 mu g m-3, which is more in accord with the measurements. Thus HCl / Cl- chemistry in the model increases total NHx concentration, which was further demonstrated by reducing NH3 emissions by a factor of 3 (-3 x NH3_EMI) in the 3 x base HCl simulation. Reducing NH3 emissions in the 3 x base HCl simulation successfully addressed the discrepancy between measured and modeled total NHx. We conclude that modeling the fate of NH3 in Delhi requires a correct chemistry mechanism accounting for chloride dynamics with accurate inventories of both NH3 and HCl emissions.
学科领域	Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000906752000001
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/273764
作者单位	Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) - India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM); Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT); Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) - India; National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF); Savitribai Phule Pune University; National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR) - USA; Indian Institute of Science Education & Research (IISER) - Mohali; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) - India; India Meteorological Department (IMD); UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pawar, Pooja V.,Ghude, Sachin D.,Govardhan, Gaurav,et al. Chloride (HCl / Cl-) dominates inorganic aerosol formation from ammonia inthe Indo-Gangetic Plain during winter: modeling and comparison withobservations[J],2023,23(1):19.
APA	Pawar, Pooja V..,Ghude, Sachin D..,Govardhan, Gaurav.,Acharja, Prodip.,Kulkarni, Rachana.,...&Sutton, Mark A..(2023).Chloride (HCl / Cl-) dominates inorganic aerosol formation from ammonia inthe Indo-Gangetic Plain during winter: modeling and comparison withobservations.ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS,23(1),19.
MLA	Pawar, Pooja V.,et al."Chloride (HCl / Cl-) dominates inorganic aerosol formation from ammonia inthe Indo-Gangetic Plain during winter: modeling and comparison withobservations".ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 23.1(2023):19.