气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Central shutdown and surrounding activation of aftershocks from megathrust earthquake stress transfer

CCPortal

DOI	10.1038/s41561-022-00954-x
	Central shutdown and surrounding activation of aftershocks from megathrust earthquake stress transfer
	Toda, Shinji; Stein, Ross S.
发表日期	2022
ISSN	1752-0894
EISSN	1752-0908
起始页码	494
结束页码	+
卷号	15 期号:6 页码:20
英文摘要	Megathrust earthquakes release and transfer stress that has accumulated over hundreds of years, leading to large aftershocks that can be highly destructive. Understanding the spatiotemporal pattern of megathrust aftershocks is key to mitigating the seismic hazard. However, conflicting observations show aftershocks concentrated either along the rupture surface itself, along its periphery or well beyond it, and they can persist for a few years to decades. Here we present aftershock data following the four largest megathrust earthquakes since 1960, focusing on the change in seismicity rate following the best-recorded 2011 Tohoku earthquake, which shows an initially high aftershock rate on the rupture surface that quickly shuts down, while a zone up to ten times larger forms a ring of enhanced seismicity around it. We find that the aftershock pattern of Tohoku and the three other megathrusts can be explained by rate and state Coulomb stress transfer. We suggest that the shutdown in seismicity in the rupture zone may persist for centuries, leaving seismicity gaps that can be used to identify prehistoric megathrust events. In contrast, the seismicity of the surrounding area decays over 4-6 decades, increasing the seismic hazard after a megathrust earthquake. Seismicity close to the rupture surface can shut down for centuries following a megathrust earthquake, while a much larger area surrounding it is activated for decades, according to numerical modelling of the 2011 Tohoku and other megathrust earthquakes.
学科领域	Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Geology
WOS记录号	WOS:000810016400001
来源期刊	NATURE GEOSCIENCE
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/272538
作者单位	Tohoku University
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Toda, Shinji,Stein, Ross S.. Central shutdown and surrounding activation of aftershocks from megathrust earthquake stress transfer[J],2022,15(6):20.
APA	Toda, Shinji,&Stein, Ross S..(2022).Central shutdown and surrounding activation of aftershocks from megathrust earthquake stress transfer.NATURE GEOSCIENCE,15(6),20.
MLA	Toda, Shinji,et al."Central shutdown and surrounding activation of aftershocks from megathrust earthquake stress transfer".NATURE GEOSCIENCE 15.6(2022):20.