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| DOI | 10.1038/s41561-022-00932-3 |
| Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation | |
| Birner B.; Severinghaus J.; Paplawsky B.; Keeling R.F. | |
| 发表日期 | 2022 |
| ISSN | 1752-0894 |
| 起始页码 | 346 |
| 结束页码 | 348 |
| 卷号 | 15期号:5 |
| 英文摘要 | Fossil fuels contain small amounts of helium, which are co-released into the atmosphere together with carbon dioxide. However, a clear build-up of helium in the atmosphere has not previously been detected. Using a high-precision mass spectrometry technique to determine the atmospheric ratio of helium-4 to nitrogen, we show that helium-4 concentrations have increased significantly over the past five decades. Obtaining a direct measure of the rise in atmospheric helium-4 is possible because changes in nitrogen are negligible. Using 46 air samples acquired between 1974 and 2020, we find that the helium-4 concentration increased at an average rate of 39 ± 3 billion mol per year (2σ). Given that previous observations have shown that the ratio between helium-3 and helium-4 in the atmosphere has remained constant, our results also imply that the concentration of helium-3 is increasing. The inferred rise in atmospheric helium-3 greatly exceeds estimates of anthropogenic emissions from natural gas, nuclear weapons and nuclear power generation, suggesting potential problems with previous isotope measurements or an incorrect assessment of known sources. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| scopus关键词 | air sampling; anthropogenic effect; carbon dioxide; fossil fuel; helium; mass spectrometry; nitrogen; nuclear power |
| 来源期刊 | Nature Geoscience
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/262201 |
| 作者单位 | Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Birner B.； Severinghaus J.； Paplawsky B.； Keeling R.F.. Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation[J],2022,15(5). |
| APA | Birner B.； Severinghaus J.； Paplawsky B.； Keeling R.F..(2022).Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation.Nature Geoscience,15(5). |
| MLA | Birner B.； Severinghaus J.； Paplawsky B.； Keeling R.F.."Increasing atmospheric helium due to fossil fuel exploitation".Nature Geoscience 15.5(2022). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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