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DOI	10.3390/atmos9070280
	Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China
	Hong, Ye; Li, Chaoliu; Li, Xiaolan; Ma, Yanjun; Zhang, Yunhai; Zhou, Deping; Wang, Yangfeng; Liu, Ningwei; Chang, Xiaojiao
通讯作者	Ma, YJ (通讯作者)
发表日期	2018
EISSN	2073-4433
卷号	9 期号:7
英文摘要	From 18 February to 13 March 2014 and from 17 December 2016 to 27 January 2017, an online analyzer for monitoring aerosols and gases (MARGA) and an online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) were used to measure and analyze the concentrations and sources of water-soluble (WS) ions in PM10, PM2.5, and gases (NH3, HNO3, HCl), in Shenyang City, China. During the field campaign, nine haze episodes (or smog episodes, total 582 h) were identified, with 960 identified as non-haze periods. The average mass concentrations of PM2.5 and total water-soluble ions (TWSIs) in PM2.5 during haze episodes were 131 mu g . m(3) and 77.2 mu g . m(3), 2.3 times and 1.9 times the values in non-haze periods, respectively. The average mass concentration of TWSIs in PM2.5 was 55.9 mu g . m(3) (accounting for 55.9% of PM2.5 mass loading), 37.6% of which was sulfate, 31.7% nitrate, 20.0% ammonium, 6.6% chloride, 1.9% potassium, 1.4% calcium, and 0.8% magnesium throughout the campaign. Concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (SNA) secondary pollution ions increased rapidly during haze episodes to as much as 2.2 times, 3.0 times, and 2.4 times higher than during non-haze periods, respectively. Diurnal variations during non-haze periods were significant, while complex pollution was insignificant. Based on changes in the backward trajectories and concentrations of WS ions, the hazy episodes were divided into three types: complex, coal-burning, and automobile exhaust pollution. All complex episodes had high concentrations and greater contributions of ammonium nitrate from complex and automobile exhaust pollution, while the contribution of ammonium sulfate from coal-burning pollution was greater than that of ammonium nitrate. The correlation coefficients among SNA species were very high in complex pollution, with nitrate and sulfate the main forms present. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) were related to emissions from burning coal for heating and from long-range transmission in winter. In the case of exhaust pollution, NO3- accounted for the highest percentage of PM2.5, and NH4+ was more closely related to NO3- than to SO42-. Coal-burning pollution was the most common type of pollution in Shenyang. The contribution of sulfate was higher than that of nitrate. Based on PCA, the contribution of coal-burning emissions varied from 36.7% to 53.6% due to industry, soil sources, and other factors.
关键词	REAL-TIME MEASUREMENTS CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION AEROSOL COMPOSITION SUBMICRON AEROSOLS BOUNDARY-LAYER RURAL SITE INSIGHTS EVOLUTION NITRATE GASES
英文关键词	haze; MARGA; PM2.5; SPAMS; water-soluble ions
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences ; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000445141400044
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERE
来源机构	中国科学院青藏高原研究所
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/259145
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hong, Ye,Li, Chaoliu,Li, Xiaolan,et al. Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China[J]. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,2018,9(7).
APA	Hong, Ye.,Li, Chaoliu.,Li, Xiaolan.,Ma, Yanjun.,Zhang, Yunhai.,...&Chang, Xiaojiao.(2018).Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China.ATMOSPHERE,9(7).
MLA	Hong, Ye,et al."Analysis of Compositional Variation and Source Characteristics of Water-Soluble Ions in PM2.5 during Several Winter-Haze Pollution Episodes in Shenyang, China".ATMOSPHERE 9.7(2018).