气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Evaluation of WRF Simulations With Different Selections of Subgrid Orographic Drag Over the Tibetan Plateau

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DOI	10.1002/2017JD027212
	Evaluation of WRF Simulations With Different Selections of Subgrid Orographic Drag Over the Tibetan Plateau
	Zhou, X.; Beljaars, A.; Wang, Y.; Huang, B.; Lin, C.; Chen, Y.; Wu, H.
通讯作者	Zhou, X (通讯作者)
发表日期	2017
ISSN	2169-897X
EISSN	2169-8996
起始页码	9759
结束页码	9772
卷号	122 期号:18
英文摘要	Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulations with different selections of subgrid orographic drag over the Tibetan Plateau have been evaluated with observation and ERA-Interim reanalysis. Results show that the subgrid orographic drag schemes, especially the turbulent orographic form drag (TOFD) scheme, efficiently reduce the 10 m wind speed bias and RMS error with respect to station measurements. With the combination of gravity wave, flow blocking and TOFD schemes, wind speed is simulated more realistically than with the individual schemes only. Improvements are also seen in the 2 m air temperature and surface pressure. The gravity wave drag, flow blocking drag, and TOFD schemes combined have the smallest station mean bias (-2.05 degrees C in 2 m air temperature and 1.27 hPa in surface pressure) and RMS error (3.59 degrees C in 2 m air temperature and 2.37 hPa in surface pressure). Meanwhile, the TOFD scheme contributes more to the improvements than the gravity wave drag and flow blocking schemes. The improvements are more pronounced at low levels of the atmosphere than at high levels due to the stronger drag enhancement on the low-level flow. The reduced near-surface cold bias and high-pressure bias over the Tibetan Plateau are the result of changes in the low-level wind components associated with the geostrophic balance. The enhanced drag directly leads to weakened westerlies but also enhances the a-geostrophic flow in this case reducing (enhancing) the northerlies (southerlies), which bring more warm air across the Himalaya Mountain ranges from South Asia (bring less cold air from the north) to the interior Tibetan Plateau.
关键词	GRAVITY-WAVE-DRAG OFFICE UNIFIED MODEL GENERAL-CIRCULATION ANISOTROPIC OROGRAPHY BOUNDARY-LAYER ERA-INTERIM PARAMETRIZATION REPRESENTATION IMPACT FLOW
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000416388000013
来源期刊	JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
来源机构	中国科学院青藏高原研究所
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/259076
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhou, X.,Beljaars, A.,Wang, Y.,et al. Evaluation of WRF Simulations With Different Selections of Subgrid Orographic Drag Over the Tibetan Plateau[J]. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,2017,122(18).
APA	Zhou, X..,Beljaars, A..,Wang, Y..,Huang, B..,Lin, C..,...&Wu, H..(2017).Evaluation of WRF Simulations With Different Selections of Subgrid Orographic Drag Over the Tibetan Plateau.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES,122(18).
MLA	Zhou, X.,et al."Evaluation of WRF Simulations With Different Selections of Subgrid Orographic Drag Over the Tibetan Plateau".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 122.18(2017).