气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Reconstruction of Little Ice Age glacier area and equilibrium line attitudes in the central and western Himalaya

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DOI	10.1016/j.quaint.2016.11.049
	Reconstruction of Little Ice Age glacier area and equilibrium line attitudes in the central and western Himalaya
	Qiao, Baojin; Yi, Chaolu
通讯作者	Yi, CL (通讯作者)
发表日期	2017
ISSN	1040-6182
EISSN	1873-4553
起始页码	65
结束页码	75
卷号	444
英文摘要	Glacial changes during the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the Himalayan Mountains are important for understanding changes in the monsoonal and westerly climate of the so-called 'the Third Pole'. However, knowledge of these changes and their dynamics remains limited because of the region's geographical inaccessibility, in addition to geopolitical reasons. In this study, we used high resolution three-dimensional images from Google Earth to identify lateral and terminal moraines as delineators of paleoglacier boundaries, and mapped the boundaries of both modern and LIA glaciers. ArcGIS 9.3 software was applied to map data and to calculate glacier lengths and areas; modern glacier surface elevation data were derived from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) records. Three methods, the toe-to-headwall altitude ratio (THAR), the toe-to-summit altitude method (TSAM), and the toe-to-ridge altitude method (TRAM) were used to estimate equilibrium line altitude (ELA). The transient snowlines (TSL) of ninety-one modern glaciers were acquired using Landsat 8 OLI images in late summer to evaluate the reliability of the calculated ELAs. Our results showed that the total length and total area of two hundred and twenty glaciers in the central and western Himalaya (CWH) had decreased respectively by 35% and 31% since the LIA. The TRAM method was the preferred method for the reconstruction of ELAs. The mean depression of ELAs from the LIA to the first decade of the 21st Century, as reconstructed using the TRAM method, was 123 m. The ELA depression and rate of change of glacier length and glacier area displayed generally increasing trends from west to east along the central and western Himalaya, suggesting that the moisture was most likely transported from an easterly direction. These changes were more intensive on southern than northern slopes, suggesting that southerly and westerly precipitation likely increased over the same period. We speculated that the CWH had been influenced by both the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) and Westerlies since the LIA. ISM moisture, as in modern times, was the main factor controlling the distribution of glaciers during the LIA. Further, precipitation carried by the Westerlies likely intensified along southerly pathways along the CWH during the LIA. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
关键词	LATE PLEISTOCENE GLACIATIONS TIBETAN PLATEAU PRECIPITATION SEASONALITY QUATERNARY GLACIATION MOUNT EVEREST MASS-BALANCE CLIMATIC SENSITIVITY COSMOGENIC BE-10 MT. QOMOLANGMA ALTITUDES
英文关键词	Little Ice Age; Equilibrium line attitude; Indian summer monsoon; Westerlies; Central and western Himalaya; Precipitation
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Physical Geography ; Geology
WOS类目	Geography, Physical ; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
WOS记录号	WOS:000406754700007
来源期刊	QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL
来源机构	中国科学院青藏高原研究所
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/258941
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Qiao, Baojin,Yi, Chaolu. Reconstruction of Little Ice Age glacier area and equilibrium line attitudes in the central and western Himalaya[J]. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所,2017,444.
APA	Qiao, Baojin,&Yi, Chaolu.(2017).Reconstruction of Little Ice Age glacier area and equilibrium line attitudes in the central and western Himalaya.QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL,444.
MLA	Qiao, Baojin,et al."Reconstruction of Little Ice Age glacier area and equilibrium line attitudes in the central and western Himalaya".QUATERNARY INTERNATIONAL 444(2017).