气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Experimental evolution of adaptive divergence under varying degrees of gene flow

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DOI	10.1038/s41559-020-01363-2
	Experimental evolution of adaptive divergence under varying degrees of gene flow
	Tusso S.; Nieuwenhuis B.P.S.; Weissensteiner B.; Immler S.; Wolf J.B.W.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2397-334X
起始页码	338
结束页码	349
卷号	5 期号:3
英文摘要	Adaptive divergence is the key evolutionary process generating biodiversity by means of natural selection. Yet, the conditions under which it can arise in the presence of gene flow remain contentious. To address this question, we subjected 132 sexually reproducing fission yeast populations, sourced from two independent genetic backgrounds, to disruptive ecological selection and manipulated the level of migration between environments. Contrary to theoretical expectations, adaptive divergence was most pronounced when migration was either absent (allopatry) or maximal (sympatry), but was much reduced at intermediate rates (parapatry and local mating). This effect was apparent across central life-history components (survival, asexual growth and mating) but differed in magnitude between ancestral genetic backgrounds. The evolution of some fitness components was constrained by pervasive negative correlations (trade-off between asexual growth and mating), while others changed direction under the influence of migration (for example, survival and mating). In allopatry, adaptive divergence was mainly conferred by standing genetic variation and resulted in ecological specialization. In sympatry, divergence was mainly mediated by novel mutations enriched in a subset of genes and was characterized by the repeated emergence of two strategies: an ecological generalist and an asexual growth specialist. Multiple loci showed consistent evidence for antagonistic pleiotropy across migration treatments providing a conceptual link between adaptation and divergence. This evolve-and-resequence experiment shows that rapid ecological differentiation can arise even under high rates of gene flow. It further highlights that adaptive trajectories are governed by complex interactions of gene flow, ancestral variation and genetic correlations. ? 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	adaptation; biodiversity; gene flow; genetic selection; genetics; sympatry; Adaptation, Physiological; Biodiversity; Gene Flow; Selection, Genetic; Sympatry
来源期刊	Nature Ecology & Evolution
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/257012
作者单位	Division of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t Munich, Munich, Germany; Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tusso S.,Nieuwenhuis B.P.S.,Weissensteiner B.,et al. Experimental evolution of adaptive divergence under varying degrees of gene flow[J],2021,5(3).
APA	Tusso S.,Nieuwenhuis B.P.S.,Weissensteiner B.,Immler S.,&Wolf J.B.W..(2021).Experimental evolution of adaptive divergence under varying degrees of gene flow.Nature Ecology & Evolution,5(3).
MLA	Tusso S.,et al."Experimental evolution of adaptive divergence under varying degrees of gene flow".Nature Ecology & Evolution 5.3(2021).