气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Vulture Genomes Reveal Molecular Adaptations Underlying Obligate Scavenging and Low Levels of Genetic Diversity

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DOI	10.1093/molbev/msab130
	Vulture Genomes Reveal Molecular Adaptations Underlying Obligate Scavenging and Low Levels of Genetic Diversity
	Zou, Dahu; Tian, Shilin; Zhang, Tongzuo; Zhuoma, Nima; Wu, Guosheng; Wang, Muyang; Dong, Lu; Rossiter, Stephen J.; Zhao, Huabin
通讯作者	Zhao, HB (通讯作者)，Wuhan Univ, Hubei Key Lab Cell Homeostasis, Tibetan Ctr Ecol & Conservat WHU TU, Dept Ecol,Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. ; Zhao, HB (通讯作者)，Tibet Univ, Coll Sci, Res Ctr Ecol, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0737-4038
EISSN	1537-1719
起始页码	3649
结束页码	3663
卷号	38 期号:9
英文摘要	Obligate scavenging on the dead and decaying animal matter is a rare dietary specialization that in extant vertebrates is restricted to vultures. These birds perform essential ecological services, yet many vulture species have undergone recent steep population declines and are now endangered. To test for molecular adaptations underlying obligate scavenging in vultures, and to assess whether genomic features might have contributed to their population declines, we generated high-quality genomes of the Himalayan and bearded vultures, representing both independent origins of scavenging within the Accipitridae, alongside a sister taxon, the upland buzzard. By comparing our data to published sequences from other birds, we show that the evolution of obligate scavenging in vultures has been accompanied by widespread positive selection acting on genes underlying gastric acid production, and immunity. Moreover, we find evidence of parallel molecular evolution, with amino acid replacements shared among divergent lineages of these scavengers. Our genome-wide screens also reveal that both the Himalayan and bearded vultures exhibit low levels of genetic diversity, equating to around a half of the mean genetic diversity of other bird genomes examined. However, demographic reconstructions indicate that population declines began at around the Last Glacial Maximum, predating the well-documented dramatic declines of the past three decades. Taken together, our genomic analyses imply that vultures harbor unique adaptations for processing carrion, but that modern populations are genetically depauperate and thus especially vulnerable to further genetic erosion through anthropogenic activities.
关键词	ACID-SECRETION PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS EVOLUTION ALIGNMENT ANNOTATION DNA INFLAMMATION SOMATOSTATIN ACTIVATION CONVERGENT
英文关键词	vulture; conservation; scavenging; gastric acid; immune system
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Evolutionary Biology ; Genetics & Heredity
WOS类目	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology ; Evolutionary Biology ; Genetics & Heredity
WOS记录号	WOS:000693664800012
来源期刊	MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/255177
作者单位	[Zou, Dahu; Tian, Shilin; Zhao, Huabin] Wuhan Univ, Hubei Key Lab Cell Homeostasis, Tibetan Ctr Ecol & Conservat WHU TU, Dept Ecol,Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China; [Zhang, Tongzuo] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Plateau Biol, Key Lab Adaptat & Evolut Plateau Biota, Xining 810008, Peoples R China; [Zhuoma, Nima; Zhao, Huabin] Tibet Univ, Coll Sci, Res Ctr Ecol, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China; [Wu, Guosheng] Xining Wildlife Pk Qinghai Prov, Xining 810000, Peoples R China; [Wang, Muyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Inst Ecol & Geog, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, Urumqi 830011, Peoples R China; [Dong, Lu] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biodivers & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China; [Rossiter, Stephen J.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zou, Dahu,Tian, Shilin,Zhang, Tongzuo,et al. Vulture Genomes Reveal Molecular Adaptations Underlying Obligate Scavenging and Low Levels of Genetic Diversity[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2021,38(9).
APA	Zou, Dahu.,Tian, Shilin.,Zhang, Tongzuo.,Zhuoma, Nima.,Wu, Guosheng.,...&Zhao, Huabin.(2021).Vulture Genomes Reveal Molecular Adaptations Underlying Obligate Scavenging and Low Levels of Genetic Diversity.MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION,38(9).
MLA	Zou, Dahu,et al."Vulture Genomes Reveal Molecular Adaptations Underlying Obligate Scavenging and Low Levels of Genetic Diversity".MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION 38.9(2021).