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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105195
	Observed characteristics of the water and heat transfer of the soil-snow-atmosphere system through the snowpack in the eastern Tibetan Plateau
	Li, Zhaoguo; Lyu, Shihua; Chen, Shiqiang; Ao, Yinhuan; Zhao, Lin; Chen, Hao; Meng, Xianhong
通讯作者	Meng, XH (通讯作者)，Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Proc & Climate Change Cold &, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0169-8095
EISSN	1873-2895
卷号	248
英文摘要	Snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) affects the surface heating in spring and then modulates the Asian summer monsoon. The snow of the TP is known for the thin thickness and rapid change, different from that in high-latitude areas. However, many reanalysis data and model products cannot well capture the variation of the TP snow, partly related to poorly understanding of water and heat transfer through the snowpack. Using the observation data, this study documents the characteristics of water-heat transfer and effective thermal conductivity of a snowpack that lasted more than five months in the eastern TP. The main results are as follows: The negative sensible heat flux (H) prevailed during the snow cover period and nearly half energy of latent heat flux (LE) was derived from H. With the melting of snow, H and LE increased rapidly, and strong LE persisted for more than a month. Diurnal snow albedo presented an asymmetric U-shaped pattern, with the minimum value at 13:00-16:00. The snow albedo around noon mostly ranged from 0.6 to 0.8 and can reach 0.95 for the fresh snow. Frequency of strong temperature gradients was significantly higher in the upper and bottom snowpack than in the middle, in which the largest gradient (151.8 degrees C m(-1)) appeared in November. The proportion of weak gradients was much less than that in other areas. Duration of isothermal snowpack is transient during the snow melting period. The soil heat flux at -0.05 m increased almost linearly throughout the snow cover period, and the turning point from negative to positive appeared in late March. Around noon in late March, the upper snow layer was warmer than the bottom layer, and the snow temperature increased gradually from bottom to top in afternoon, opposite to the previous pattern. The effective thermal conductivity of snow slowly increased from November to mid-February and increased dramatically in late March, whose average values were 0.075 +/- 0.02 W m(-1) K-1 for the bottom snow (0.01-0.08 m) and 0.04 +/- 0.013 W m(-1) K-1 for 0.01-0.15 m. This study will bring to light the verification and simulation of the TP snow.
关键词	THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY SPRING SNOW DEPTH COVER PRODUCTS RAINFALL IMPACTS CHINA
英文关键词	Snow cover; Field observation; Snow temperature gradient; Effective thermal conductivity; The Tibetan Plateau
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS类目	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000594100800004
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/254531
作者单位	[Li, Zhaoguo; Chen, Shiqiang; Ao, Yinhuan; Zhao, Lin; Chen, Hao; Meng, Xianhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Proc & Climate Change Cold &, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China; [Lyu, Shihua] Chengdu Univ Informat Technol, Plateau Atmosphere & Environm Key Lab Sichuan Pro, Sch Atmospher Sci, Chengdu 610225, Peoples R China; [Lyu, Shihua] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Li, Zhaoguo,Lyu, Shihua,Chen, Shiqiang,et al. Observed characteristics of the water and heat transfer of the soil-snow-atmosphere system through the snowpack in the eastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2021,248.
APA	Li, Zhaoguo.,Lyu, Shihua.,Chen, Shiqiang.,Ao, Yinhuan.,Zhao, Lin.,...&Meng, Xianhong.(2021).Observed characteristics of the water and heat transfer of the soil-snow-atmosphere system through the snowpack in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH,248.
MLA	Li, Zhaoguo,et al."Observed characteristics of the water and heat transfer of the soil-snow-atmosphere system through the snowpack in the eastern Tibetan Plateau".ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH 248(2021).