气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): What lessons do the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) formulation process and implementation outcome provide to the enhanced/updated NDC? A reality check from Nepal

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143509
	What lessons do the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) formulation process and implementation outcome provide to the enhanced/updated NDC? A reality check from Nepal
	Laudari, Hari Krishna; Aryal, Kishor; Bhusal, Shreejana; Maraseni, Tek
通讯作者	Laudari, HK (通讯作者)，Minist Forests & Environm, Kathmandu, Nepal.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0048-9697
EISSN	1879-1026
卷号	759
英文摘要	Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are the foundation of the Paris Agreement. So far, 190 Parties have submitted their NDCs. But how the NDC can be made comprehensive, unanimous and implementable so that the Paris climate goals can be achieved has been a matter of growing concern among policymakers, academics, and practitioners. Aiming to bridge the knowledge gap about institutional deliberation of NDCs, we assessed the formulation process and implementation outcome of Nepal's first NDC by employing qualitative research methods. We undertook semi-structured interviews (n = 10) with all experts and bureaucrats engaged in the NDC formulation process. Moreover, we conducted group discussions (n = 18) with nine stakeholder groups and key informant surveys (n = 12) with four stakeholder groups representing cross-sectoral ministries, private-sector, (retired) bureaucrats, and media people. We also reviewed contemporary literature and progress report of sectoral governments and other related institutions. The collected data were then analyzed by applying the discursive institutional framework. As NDC is a national political plan of climate action and demands support and commitment from a wide spectrum of society, our results, however, revealed that Nepal's first NDC was formulated without engaging politicians and the other major state and non-state actors. Moreover, the country's NDC was framed and articulated only for fulfilling international obligation (or commitment) and getting international fund, but not as a determined national climate plan of action for expediting climate action at (sub) national level. Our analysis further found that very few institutions including policies, programmes, and budgets were arranged for translating targets of the NDC into action. Because of these shortcomings, Nepal's first NDC could not achieve most of its stipulated targets. Based on the analysis and results of our study, we have discussed and recommended some pathways that are critical for the formulation and implementation of enhanced/updated NDCs in Nepal and the other countries. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词	CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION DISCURSIVE INSTITUTIONALISM PARIS AGREEMENT ECOSYSTEM SERVICES POLICY DISCOURSE PARTICIPATION VALUES IDEAS COMMUNITIES
英文关键词	Climate change; Adaptation; Mitigation; Climate action; Discourse; Discursive institutionalism
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000605764100066
来源期刊	SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/253994
作者单位	[Laudari, Hari Krishna; Bhusal, Shreejana] Minist Forests & Environm, Kathmandu, Nepal; [Aryal, Kishor] Minist Ind Tourism Forests & Environm, Dhangadhi, Sudoorpaschim P, Nepal; [Maraseni, Tek] Univ Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia; [Maraseni, Tek] Chinese Acad Sci, Northwest Inst Ecoenvironm & Resources, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Laudari, Hari Krishna,Aryal, Kishor,Bhusal, Shreejana,et al. What lessons do the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) formulation process and implementation outcome provide to the enhanced/updated NDC? A reality check from Nepal[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2021,759.
APA	Laudari, Hari Krishna,Aryal, Kishor,Bhusal, Shreejana,&Maraseni, Tek.(2021).What lessons do the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) formulation process and implementation outcome provide to the enhanced/updated NDC? A reality check from Nepal.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,759.
MLA	Laudari, Hari Krishna,et al."What lessons do the first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) formulation process and implementation outcome provide to the enhanced/updated NDC? A reality check from Nepal".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 759(2021).