气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths

CCPortal

DOI	10.1038/s41467-020-20184-2
	A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths
	Silva L.C.R.; Corrêa R.S.; Wright J.L.; Bomfim B.; Hendricks L.; Gavin D.G.; Muniz A.W.; Martins G.C.; Motta A.C.V.; Barbosa J.Z.; Melo V.F.; Young S.D.; Broadley M.R.; Santos R.V.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2041-1723
卷号	12 期号:1
英文摘要	Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) are unusually fertile soils characterised by elevated concentrations of microscopic charcoal particles, which confer their distinctive colouration. Frequent occurrences of pre-Columbian artefacts at ADE sites led to their ubiquitous classification as Anthrosols (soils of anthropic origin). However, it remains unclear how indigenous peoples created areas of high fertility in one of the most nutrient-impoverished environments on Earth. Here, we report new data from a well-studied ADE site in the Brazilian Amazon, which compel us to reconsider its anthropic origin. The amounts of phosphorus and calcium—two of the least abundant macronutrients in the region—are orders of magnitude higher in ADE profiles than in the surrounding soil. The elevated levels of phosphorus and calcium, which are often interpreted as evidence of human activity at other sites, correlate spatially with trace elements that indicate exogenous mineral sources rather than in situ deposition. Stable isotope ratios of neodymium, strontium, and radiocarbon activity of microcharcoal particles also indicate exogenous inputs from alluvial deposition of carbon and mineral elements to ADE profiles, beginning several thousands of years before the earliest evidence of soil management for plant cultivation in the region. Our data suggest that indigenous peoples harnessed natural processes of landscape formation, which led to the unique properties of ADEs, but were not responsible for their genesis. If corroborated elsewhere, this hypothesis would transform our understanding of human influence in Amazonia, opening new frontiers for the sustainable use of tropical landscapes going forward. © 2021, The Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	calcium; carbon; carbon 14; neodymium; phosphorus; strontium; charcoal; concentration (composition); detection method; Earth; human activity; radioactivity; soil nutrient; stable isotope; Amazonas (Brazil); Amazonian dark earth; Article; domestic waste; human; land use; landscape; macronutrient; nutrient concentration; particle size; soil; soil management; tillage; Amazonia
来源期刊	Nature Communications
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/251543
作者单位	Environmental Studies Program, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States; Department of Geography, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States; Environmental Sciences Program - PPGCA/FUP, University of Brasília, Planaltina, DF, Brazil; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - CPAA/Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Manaus, AM, Brazil; Department of Soil Science, University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Federal Institute of Southeast Minas Gerais, Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil; School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Geosciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Silva L.C.R.,Corrêa R.S.,Wright J.L.,et al. A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths[J],2021,12(1).
APA	Silva L.C.R..,Corrêa R.S..,Wright J.L..,Bomfim B..,Hendricks L..,...&Santos R.V..(2021).A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths.Nature Communications,12(1).
MLA	Silva L.C.R.,et al."A new hypothesis for the origin of Amazonian Dark Earths".Nature Communications 12.1(2021).