气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Variable strategies to solve risk-reward tradeoffs in carnivore communities

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2101614118
	Variable strategies to solve risk-reward tradeoffs in carnivore communities
	Ruprecht J.; Eriksson C.E.; Forrester T.D.; Spitz D.B.; Clark D.A.; Wisdom M.J.; Bianco M.; Rowland M.M.; Smith J.B.; Johnson B.K.; Levi T.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0027-8424
卷号	118 期号:35
英文摘要	Mesopredator release theory suggests that dominant predators suppress subordinate carnivores and ultimately shape community dynamics, but the assumption that subordinate species are only negatively affected ignores the possibility of facilitation through scavenging. We examined the interplay within a carnivore community consisting of cougars, coyotes, black bears, and bobcats using contemporaneous Global Positioning System telemetry data from 51 individuals; diet analysis from 972 DNA-metabarcoded scats; and data from 128 physical investigations of cougar kill sites, 28 of which were monitored with remote cameras. Resource provisioning from competitively dominant cougars to coyotes through scavenging was so prolific as to be an overwhelming determinant of coyote behavior, space use, and resource acquisition. This was evident via the strong attraction of coyotes to cougar kill sites, frequent scavenging of cougar-killed prey, and coyote diets that nearly matched cougars in the magnitude of ungulate consumption. Yet coyotes were often killed by cougars and used space to minimize encounters, complicating the fitness benefits gained from scavenging.We estimated that 23% (95% CI: 8 to 55%) of the coyote population in our study area was killed by cougars annually, suggesting that coyote interactions with cougars are a complex behavioral game of risk and reward. In contrast, we found no indication that bobcat space use or diet was influenced by cougars. Black bears avoided cougars, but there was no evidence of attraction to cougar kill sites and much lower levels of ungulate consumption and carcass visitation than for coyotes. Interspecific interactions among carnivores are multifaceted, encompassing both suppression and facilitation. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Carnivore; Facilitation; Mesopredator release; Scavenging; Suppression
语种	英语
scopus关键词	animal; bear; Carnivora; coyote; ecosystem; food chain; Lynx; physiology; population dynamics; predation; Puma; reward; Animals; Carnivora; Coyotes; Ecosystem; Food Chain; Lynx; Population Dynamics; Predatory Behavior; Puma; Reward; Ursidae
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/251032
作者单位	Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, La Grande, OR 97850, United States; Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, La Grande, OR 97850, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Ruprecht J.,Eriksson C.E.,Forrester T.D.,et al. Variable strategies to solve risk-reward tradeoffs in carnivore communities[J],2021,118(35).
APA	Ruprecht J..,Eriksson C.E..,Forrester T.D..,Spitz D.B..,Clark D.A..,...&Levi T..(2021).Variable strategies to solve risk-reward tradeoffs in carnivore communities.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(35).
MLA	Ruprecht J.,et al."Variable strategies to solve risk-reward tradeoffs in carnivore communities".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.35(2021).