气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte via lithosphere-scale dyke intrusion

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DOI	10.1038/s41561-021-00809-x
	Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte via lithosphere-scale dyke intrusion
	Feuillet N.; Jorry S.; Crawford W.C.; Deplus C.; Thinon I.; Jacques E.; Saurel J.M.; Lemoine A.; Paquet F.; Satriano C.; Aiken C.; Foix O.; Kowalski P.; Laurent A.; Rinnert E.; Cathalot C.; Donval J.-P.; Guyader V.; Gaillot A.; Scalabrin C.; Moreira M.; Peltier A.; Beauducel F.; Grandin R.; Ballu V.; Daniel R.; Pelleau P.; Gomez J.; Besançon S.; Geli L.; Bernard P.; Bachelery P.; Fouquet Y.; Bertil D.; Lemarchand A.; Van der Woerd J.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1752-0894
卷号	14 期号:10
英文摘要	Volcanic eruptions shape Earth’s surface and provide a window into deep Earth processes. How the primary asthenospheric melts form, pond and ascend through the lithosphere is, however, still poorly understood. Since 10 May 2018, magmatic activity has occurred offshore eastern Mayotte (North Mozambique channel), associated with large surface displacements, very-low-frequency earthquakes and exceptionally deep earthquake swarms. Here we present geophysical and marine data from the MAYOBS1 cruise, which reveal that by May 2019, this activity formed an 820-m-tall, ~5 km³ volcanic edifice on the seafloor. This is the largest active submarine eruption ever documented. Seismic and deformation data indicate that deep (>55 km depth) magma reservoirs were rapidly drained through dykes that intruded the entire lithosphere and that pre-existing subvertical faults in the mantle were reactivated beneath an ancient caldera structure. We locate the new volcanic edifice at the tip of a 50-km-long ridge composed of many other recent edifices and lava flows. This volcanic ridge is an extensional feature inside a wide transtensional boundary that transfers strain between the East African and Madagascar rifts. We propose that the massive eruption originated from hot asthenosphere at the base of a thick, old, damaged lithosphere. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	asthenosphere; caldera; dike; earthquake swarm; lava flow; lithosphere; seismic data; submarine volcano; volcanic eruption; East Africa; Indian Ocean; Madagascar; Mayotte; Mozambique Channel
来源期刊	Nature Geoscience
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/250865
作者单位	Université de Paris, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France; IFREMER, Unité Géosciences Marines, Technopole La Pointe du Diable, Plouzané, France; Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières—BRGM, DGR/GBS, Orléans, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, IRD, ISterre, Grenoble, France; LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs) UMR7266, Université de La Rochelle—CNRS, La Rochelle, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg UMR7516 CNRS Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Montpellier 2 University, Montpellier, France; Orleans University, Orleans, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Feuillet N.,Jorry S.,Crawford W.C.,et al. Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte via lithosphere-scale dyke intrusion[J],2021,14(10).
APA	Feuillet N..,Jorry S..,Crawford W.C..,Deplus C..,Thinon I..,...&Van der Woerd J..(2021).Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte via lithosphere-scale dyke intrusion.Nature Geoscience,14(10).
MLA	Feuillet N.,et al."Birth of a large volcanic edifice offshore Mayotte via lithosphere-scale dyke intrusion".Nature Geoscience 14.10(2021).