气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions

CCPortal

DOI	10.1038/s41467-021-27352-y
	Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions
	Titcomb G.; Mantas J.N.; Hulke J.; Rodriguez I.; Branch D.; Young H.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2041-1723
卷号	12 期号:1
英文摘要	Shifts in landscape heterogeneity and climate can influence animal movement in ways that profoundly alter disease transmission. Water sources that are foci of animal activity have great potential to promote disease transmission, but it is unknown how this varies across a range of hosts and climatic contexts. For fecal-oral parasites, water resources can aggregate many different hosts in small areas, concentrate infectious material, and function as disease hotspots. This may be exacerbated where water is scarce and for species requiring frequent water access. Working in an East African savanna, we show via experimental and observational methods that water sources increase the density of wild and domestic herbivore feces and thus, the concentration of fecal-oral parasites in the environment, by up to two orders of magnitude. We show that this effect is amplified in drier areas and drier periods, creating dynamic and heterogeneous disease landscapes across space and time. We also show that herbivore grazing behaviors that expose them to fecal-oral parasites often increase at water sources relative to background sites, increasing potential parasite transmission at these hotspots. Critically, this effect varies by herbivore species, with strongest effects for two animals of concern for conservation and development: elephants and cattle. © 2021, The Author(s).
语种	英语
scopus关键词	arid environment; climate change; disease; feces; grazing; herbivore; parasite transmission; water resource; Elephantidae; water; animal; bovine; elephant; feces; herbivory; human; isolation and purification; Kenya; parasite; parasitology; parasitosis; water supply; Animals; Cattle; Elephants; Feces; Herbivory; Humans; Kenya; Parasites; Parasitic Diseases; Water; Water Resources
来源期刊	Nature Communications
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/250561
作者单位	Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Mpala Research Centre, Laikipia, Kenya; Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Titcomb G.,Mantas J.N.,Hulke J.,et al. Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions[J],2021,12(1).
APA	Titcomb G.,Mantas J.N.,Hulke J.,Rodriguez I.,Branch D.,&Young H..(2021).Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions.Nature Communications,12(1).
MLA	Titcomb G.,et al."Water sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions".Nature Communications 12.1(2021).