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| DOI | 10.1038/s41893-021-00728-0 |
| A global review of ecological fiscal transfers | |
| Busch J.; Ring I.; Akullo M.; Amarjargal O.; Borie M.; Cassola R.S.; Cruz-Trinidad A.; Droste N.; Haryanto J.T.; Kasymov U.; Kotenko N.V.; Lhkagvadorj A.; De Paulo F.L.L.; May P.H.; Mukherjee A.; Mumbunan S.; Santos R.; Tacconi L.; Verde Selva G.; Verma M.; Wang X.; Yu L.; Zhou K. | |
| 发表日期 | 2021 |
| ISSN | 2398-9629 |
| 起始页码 | 756 |
| 结束页码 | 765 |
| 卷号 | 4期号:9 |
| 英文摘要 | Ecological fiscal transfers (EFT) transfer public revenue between governments within a country based on ecological indicators. EFT can compensate subnational governments for the costs of conserving ecosystems and in principle can incentivize greater ecological conservation. We review established EFT in Brazil, Portugal, France, China and India, and emerging or proposed EFT in ten more countries. We analyse common themes related to EFT emergence, design and effects. EFT have grown rapidly from US$0.35 billion yr−1 in 2007 to US$23 billion yr−1 in 2020. We discuss the scope of opportunity to expand EFT to other countries by ‘greening’ intergovernmental fiscal transfers. © 2021, Springer Nature Limited. |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| scopus关键词 | China and India; Ecological conservation; Ecological indicators; Portugal; Ecology |
| 来源期刊 | Nature Sustainability
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/249743 |
| 作者单位 | Conservation International, Arlington, VA, United States; International Institute Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany; Monitoring and Evaluation Department, National Environment Management Authority (NEMA), Kampala, Uganda; Earth Innovation Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Geography, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC), Cambridge, United Kingdom; The Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN), United Nations Development Programme, New York, NY, United States; Department of Political Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Fiscal Policy Agency, Ministry of Finance, Republic of Indonesia, Central Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Finance and Entrepreneurship, Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine; Department of Economics & Finance, National Academy of Governance, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra T... |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Busch J.,Ring I.,Akullo M.,et al. A global review of ecological fiscal transfers[J],2021,4(9). |
| APA | Busch J..,Ring I..,Akullo M..,Amarjargal O..,Borie M..,...&Zhou K..(2021).A global review of ecological fiscal transfers.Nature Sustainability,4(9). |
| MLA | Busch J.,et al."A global review of ecological fiscal transfers".Nature Sustainability 4.9(2021). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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