气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Characterization of particulate matter emitted by a marine engine operated with liquefied natural gas and diesel fuels

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117030
	Characterization of particulate matter emitted by a marine engine operated with liquefied natural gas and diesel fuels
	Corbin J.C.; Peng W.; Yang J.; Sommer D.E.; Trivanovic U.; Kirchen P.; Miller J.W.; Rogak S.; Cocker D.R.; Smallwood G.J.; Lobo P.; Gagné S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	220
英文摘要	Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is becoming increasingly popular as a marine fuel as emission regulations become more stringent. However, very little data are available on the particulate matter (PM) emissions of modern marine natural gas engines. In this study, we present a first detailed characterization of the composition of the PM emitted by a modern, in-use, natural-gas-powered vessel. The vessel engines use compression-ignition and only a small amount of diesel fuel as pilot. These engines drive electrical generators, providing propulsion as well as auxiliary power for the vessel. Our emissions characterization includes six different techniques to measure black carbon (BC), including all methods determined as appropriate for measuring BC emissions from ships by the International Maritime Organization, as well as particle size distributions, metal concentrations, and organic particulate emissions. PM emissions differed significantly between idle and at-sea operating conditions. At idle, PM emission factors were primarily organic (approximately 1500mg/kWh), with BC emission factors over two orders of magnitude lower (5.6±0.4mg/kWh). At engine loads above 25%, all emissions were independent of load and substantially lower than at idle, at 4.4±1.7mg/kWh for organics and 0.8±0.2mg/kWh for black carbon. When operated only on diesel fuel, this engine emitted 8-fold more organic PM (38±15mg/kWh) and 37-fold more BC (30±11mg/kWh) at loads above 25%. At idle loads, the diesel-fuel emissions were comparable to the natural-gas emissions. In addition to organics and BC, a third category of non-volatile sub-10-nm particles was identified. A detailed consideration of our measurements indicated that the sources of the organic, BC, and sub-10-nm particles were lubrication oil, diesel pilot fuel, and lubrication-oil metals, respectively. Future studies should seek to quantify the emissions of other dual-fuel engines that will be entering the market. © 2019
关键词	Diesel LNG Lubrication oil Marine engine Natural gas Particulate matter
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Carbon; Diesel engines; Diesel fuels; Digital storage; Dual fuel engines; Gas emissions; Gas fuel purification; Lubricating oils; Lubrication; Marine engines; Natural gas; Particle size; Particles (particulate matter); Particulate emissions; Ship propulsion; Diesel; Electrical generators; International maritime organizations; Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG); Lubrication oil; Metal concentrations; Particulate Matter; Particulate matter emissions; Liquefied natural gas; black carbon; diesel fuel; liquefied natural gas; natural gas; black carbon; detection method; electronic equipment; engine; liquefied natural gas; natural gas; operations technology; particle size; particulate matter; pollutant source; aerosol; Article; biomass; chemical composition; controlled study; diesel engine; greenhouse effect; light absorption; light scattering; lubrication; particle size; particulate matter; priority journal; time series analysis
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/249510
作者单位	Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6, Canada; Center for Environmental Research & Technology, University of California Riverside, 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507, United States; Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Corbin J.C.,Peng W.,Yang J.,et al. Characterization of particulate matter emitted by a marine engine operated with liquefied natural gas and diesel fuels[J],2020,220.
APA	Corbin J.C..,Peng W..,Yang J..,Sommer D.E..,Trivanovic U..,...&Gagné S..(2020).Characterization of particulate matter emitted by a marine engine operated with liquefied natural gas and diesel fuels.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,220.
MLA	Corbin J.C.,et al."Characterization of particulate matter emitted by a marine engine operated with liquefied natural gas and diesel fuels".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 220(2020).