气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117125
	What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?
	Kanawade V.P.; Srivastava A.K.; Ram K.; Asmi E.; Vakkari V.; Soni V.K.; Varaprasad V.; Sarangi C.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	222
英文摘要	In recent years, South Asia is experiencing severely degraded air quality, with particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) reaching unprecedented high levels. Here, we investigate a severe air pollution episode (SAPE) witnessed in New Delhi during 1–7 November 2016. This was a very unusual air pollution episode wherein air quality index exceeded >500 and was persistent for about a week encapsulating the entire Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). We demonstrate that a stagnant weather condition was the dominant cause of the SAPE. Mean concentration of PM2.5 in New Delhi before, during, and after the SAPE were 142 μg/m3, 563 μg/m3, and 240 μg/m3, respectively. Satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD), ultraviolet-aerosol index (UV-AI) and surface carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations also showed significant enhancements over large locale spatially by about 50–70% during the SAPE. A large and simultaneous increase in UV-AI and CO downwind of a large number of fire hotspots (Punjab and Haryana) is a clear indication of biomass burning aerosols. Analysis of absorption Ångström exponent further substantiates this finding, showing a large fraction of light absorbing carbonaceous-type aerosols. Radiosonde observations clearly showed that stagnant atmospheric conditions led to SAPE in New Delhi by allowing pollution to accumulate and persist in the near-surface environment. As a result new particle formation was suppressed due to very high pre-existing aerosol concentrations during the SAPE. The heating rate induced by light absorbing aerosols into an atmospheric layer during SAPE was also very high (3.1 ± 0.7 K/day). These findings will help in understanding air quality and climate effects, as well as in formulating policies to mitigate these complex pollution episodes in an anthropogenic future. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
关键词	Biomass burning Indo-Gangetic plain Particulate matter Severe air pollution episode
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Aerosols; Air quality; Carbon monoxide; Radiosondes; Aerosol optical depths; Air pollution episodes; Atmospheric conditions; Biomass-burning; Indo-Gangetic Plains; Light absorbing aerosols; Particulate Matter; Radiosonde observations; Particles (particulate matter); carbon monoxide; fossil fuel; ozone; air quality; anthropogenic effect; atmospheric pollution; biomass burning; episodic event; optical depth; particulate matter; absorption; aerosol; air pollution; air quality; air temperature; biomass; climate; combustion; humidity; India; meteorology; priority journal; solar radiation; weather; wind speed; winter; Delhi; Gangetic Plain; Haryana; India; New Delhi; Punjab; South Asia
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/249452
作者单位	Centre for Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (Branch), Prof. Ramnath Vij Marg, New Delhi, India; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland; Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Av. Dorrego, Buenos Aires, 4019, Argentina; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa; India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, India; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kanawade V.P.,Srivastava A.K.,Ram K.,et al. What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?[J],2020,222.
APA	Kanawade V.P..,Srivastava A.K..,Ram K..,Asmi E..,Vakkari V..,...&Sarangi C..(2020).What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,222.
MLA	Kanawade V.P.,et al."What caused severe air pollution episode of November 2016 in New Delhi?".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 222(2020).