气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Characteristics of the air‒sea exchange of gaseous mercury and deposition flux of atmospheric mercury at an island near the boundary of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117547
	Characteristics of the air‒sea exchange of gaseous mercury and deposition flux of atmospheric mercury at an island near the boundary of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea
	Wang C.; Wang Z.; Zhang X.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	232
英文摘要	The variations of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM, mainly Hg0), air‒sea exchange of Hg0, and deposition of atmospheric mercury were very limited in nearshore regions of North China. Nearly two years measurements of DGM in surface seawater and gaseous elemental mercury (GEM or Hg0) in the atmosphere over the Changdao Island were conducted to elucidate the characteristic of air‒sea exchange of Hg0 based on meteorological parameters. Simultaneously, the wet deposition fluxes of atmospheric Hg were also calculated based on the precipitation amounts and concentrations of total mercury in precipitation (THgp). The results show that both DGM and Hg0 flux exhibit a distinct seasonal pattern with the order of summer (47.7 pg l−1 and 1.46 ng m−2 h−1), spring (24.6 pg l−1 and 0.82 ng m−2 h−1), fall (21.7 pg l−1 and 0.70 ng m−2 h−1), and winter (19.0 pg l−1 and 0.21 ng m−2 h−1). However, a striking feature in winter is that the study site and peripheral area sporadically act as a sink of atmospheric Hg0 as a result of elevated GEM concentrations and low water temperature and solar radiation. The seasonal pattern of saturation was in line with that of DGM. In addition, a distinct diurnal cycle of DGM was observed with maximum concentrations at midday and minimum concentrations in nighttime during the whole study period, especially in summer. These remarkable seasonal and diurnal patterns indicate that the elevated DGM concentration in summer and midday appears mainly a photochemically driven. The mean unfiltered (UTHg) and dissolved (DTHg) seawater THg concentrations were 1.43 ± 0.94 and 0.53 ± 0.19 ng l−1, respectively. On average, the mean DTHg/UTHg ratio was 0.45 ± 0.16, indicating that less than half of THg was concentrated in DTHg. There was no significant relationships between DGM and DTHg. Seasonal concentrations of THgp were 17.3, 7.4, 7.0, and 27.9 ng l−1, whereas seasonal wet deposition fluxes were 1.28, 1.31, 0.82, and 0.62 μg m−2 yr−1 for spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. Overall, the THgp concentrations varied from 3.9 to 60.1 ng l−1 with a mean value of 16.4 ng l−1, and the direct wet deposition flux was 4.03 μg m−2 yr−1, representing approximately 57.4% of the annual evasion flux of Hg0 (7.02 μg m−2 yr−1). © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
关键词	Air‒sea exchange Dissolved gaseous mercury Diurnal cycle Seasonal variation Total mercury Wet deposition flux
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Seawater; Atmospheric mercury; Deposition fluxes; Dissolved gaseous mercury; Gaseous elemental mercury; Maximum concentrations; Meteorological parameters; Seasonal patterns; Wet deposition flux; Deposition; deferiprone; mercury; sea water; air-sea interaction; atmospheric chemistry; concentration (composition); mercury (element); precipitation (chemistry); seasonal variation; seawater; water temperature; wet deposition; air; Article; atmospheric deposition; autumn; Bohai Sea; China; concentration (parameter); gas exchange; maximum concentration; meteorology; minimum concentration; precipitation; priority journal; sea; solar radiation; spring; summer; surface property; water temperature; wet deposition; winter; Yellow Sea; Bohai Sea; Changdao Islands; China; Pacific Ocean; Shandong; Yellow Sea; Yellow Sea
来源期刊	ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/249132
作者单位	State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang C.,Wang Z.,Zhang X.. Characteristics of the air‒sea exchange of gaseous mercury and deposition flux of atmospheric mercury at an island near the boundary of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea[J],2020,232.
APA	Wang C.,Wang Z.,&Zhang X..(2020).Characteristics of the air‒sea exchange of gaseous mercury and deposition flux of atmospheric mercury at an island near the boundary of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea.ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT,232.
MLA	Wang C.,et al."Characteristics of the air‒sea exchange of gaseous mercury and deposition flux of atmospheric mercury at an island near the boundary of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea".ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 232(2020).